Design and Performance Analysis of Compact Wearable Textile Antennas for IoT and Body-Centric Communication Applications

Abstract

This paper presents two compact textile-based planar dipole and loop antennas for wearable communication applications operating in the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical radio (ISM) bands. The antennas were fabricated on a 0.44 mm thin camouflaged-military print, cotton jean cloth using conductive copper threads, and sewing embroidery technique to create the radiating structure. Design and performance analyses of the antennas were carried out using simulations; further experiments were performed in anechoic chamber and indoor environment to validate the designs. The experiments were carried out in a free space scenario and on the various locations of the human subject such as the torso and limb joints. The performance of the antennas was investigated based on the reflection coefficient in normal and bent conditions corresponding to the different radii of the locations of the human limbs. The antennas perform well in free space and on-body scenarios in flat and bend conditions providing return loss below −10 dB in all cases with an acceptable resonant frequency close to 2.4 GHz due to the antenna bending and body effects. The radiation pattern measurements are also reported in this work for free space and on-body scenarios. It is observed that the presence of the human body significantly influences the antenna radiation pattern which leads to an increase in the front-to-back ratio and also makes the antenna more directive. Overall, the performance of the fabricated embroidered textile antennas was found suitable for various wearable body-centric applications in indoor environments.

Penerapan Motif Batik Papua dengan Teknik Bordir pada Busana Pengantin Wanita

“…Bordir merupakan ragam hias untuk busana yang menitik beratkan keindahan dan komposisinya pada media kain dengan bantuan alat mesin bordir dan beraneka ragam bentuk setikan aneka . Membuat ragam hias bordir ini selalu berubah mengikuti kemajuan trend mode (Varma et al, 2021). Teknik bordir merupakan kerajinan ragam hias yang dapat digunakan sebagai hiasan, aksesoris busana maupun detail busana.…”

On the Design and Performance Analysis of Flexible Planar Monopole Ultra-Wideband Antennas for Wearable Wireless Applications

“…Wearable wireless electronic systems are becoming increasingly popular around the world. Particularly, wireless body area networks (WBANs) play a signi cant role in sports, healthcare, and defense applications [1,2]. An antenna is an essential element in wearable electronic transceivers for establishing e ective communication among users.…”

Impact of Various Wearability Conditions on the Performances of Meander-Line Z-Shaped Embroidered Antenna

“…e additional requirement imposed on wearable and body-worn systems is that the used materials should be biocompatible and compliant with the health and safety requirements [5,6]. Since the antenna is an inherent and integral part of any wireless communication [7] and radiofrequency (RF) harvesting system, there is a considerable interest in the optimization of wearable and exible antennas and radio-channel for operation in the vicinity of the human body [8]. However, in the presence of the human body, which is a lossy dielectric, the performance of any flexible antenna is unduly affected.…”

“…Previous antenna-human interaction research has focused on designing wearable antennas that are planar, lowprofile, light-weight, and flexible to suit the conformal structure of the body [8,18,19]. Various feeding techniques were also adopted to energize these antennas, including microstrip-line feed, coaxial feeding, as well as coplanar waveguide feeding methods [15].…”

“…is gives rise to the utilization of textiles as a substrate and conductive textile threads [26,27] as a wire for designing wearable antennas. Commonly used textile dielectric materials include cotton cloth, felt, denim, fleece, nylon, and polyester [8,28]. Numerous flexible and wearable antennas were designed and fabricated using different techniques such as 3D printing, inkjet-printing, embroidery, and screenprinting [20,29].…”