Design and performance analysis of energy conversion chain, from multilevel inverter until the grid

Benzazah, Chirine; Lazrak, Loubna; Lafkih, Mustapha Ait

doi:10.1109/icm.2015.7438051

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Table 7 compares the THD obtained in this study against previous studies. Benzazah et al [59] conducted a study on a single-stage grid-tied three-level diode clamped inverter with an LCL filter to enlarge the grid compatibility with high power renewable generators. The proposed system presented good robustness against the grid voltage distortions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where, K a is the desired attenuation, ω SW is the switching frequency expressed in rad per second, and r is the ratio between the inverter side and the grid side inductances [59]:…”

Section: Current Ripplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resonant frequency must be minimally one half of the switching frequency because the filter requires enough attenuation in the converter switching frequency. The resonant frequency for the LCL filter can be calculated as [59]:…”

Section: Current Ripplementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Grid-Tied Fuel Cell Multilevel Inverter with Low Harmonic Distortions

2021

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As a result of global energy demand increase, concerns over global warming, and rapid exhaustion of fossil fuels, there is a growing interest in energy system dependence on clean and sustainable energy resources. Attractive power technologies include photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, and biomass power. Fuel cells are also clean energy units that substitute power generators based on fossil fuels. They are employed in various applications, including transportation, stationary power, and small portable power. Fuel cell connections to utility grids require that the power conditioning units, interfacing the fuel cells and the grids, operate accordingly (by complying with the grid requirements). This study aims to model a centralised, single-stage grid-tied three-level diode clamped inverter interfacing a multi-stack fuel cell system. The inverter is expected to produce harmonic distortions of less than 0.5% and achieve an efficiency of 85%. Besides the grid, the system consists of a 1.54 MW/1400 V DC proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a 1.3 MW three-level diode clamped inverter with a nominal voltage of 600 V, and an inductance-capacitance-inductance (LCL) filter. Two case studies based on the load conditions are considered to assess the developed system’s performance further. In case 1, the fuel cell system generates enough power to fully meet this load and exports the excess to the grid. In the other case, a load of 2.5 MW was connected at the grid-tied fuel cell inverter’s output terminals. The system imports the grid’s power to meet the 2.5 MW load since the fuel cell can only produce 1.54 MW. It is demonstrated that the system can supply and also receive power from the grid. The results show the developed system’s good performance with a low total harmonic distortion of about 0.12% for the voltage and 0.07% for the current. The results also reveal that the fuel cell inverter voltage and the frequency at the point of common coupling comply with the grid requirements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where, K a is the desired attenuation, ω SW is the switching frequency expressed in rad per second, and r is the ratio between the inverter side and the grid side inductances [59]:…”

Section: Current Ripplementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Grid-Tied Fuel Cell Multilevel Inverter with Low Harmonic Distortions

2021

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“…where K a denotes the desired attenuation level, ω SW indicates the switching frequency in radians per second, and r represents the ratio of inductances on the inverter side and the grid side [38]. The resonant frequency ω res in radians per second and the damping ratio (ζ) of the LCL filter are expressed using Equations ( 28) and ( 29), respectively.…”

Section: Current Ripplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The damping resistor parameter is denoted by Rd. To achieve an approximately sized resonant frequency for the LCL filter, it can be expressed in the following manner [38]:…”

Section: Current Ripplementioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and Performance Analysis of a Tidal Current Turbine Connected to the Grid Using an Inductance (LCL) Filter

Kangaji,

Tartibu,

Bokoro

2023

Energies

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Nowadays, integrating renewable energy sources, such as tidal power, into the existing power grids of turbines is crucial for sustainable energy generation. However, tidal turbine energy transforms the potential energy of moving water into electrical energy. When both nonlinear load and dynamic load harmonics are present, the tide speed variance causes serious power quality issues such as low power factor, unstable voltage, harmonic distortions, frequency fluctuations, and voltage sags. The integration of an LCL-filter-based connection scheme can address these challenges by improving power quality and the overall performance of the tidal current turbine grid system. This study shifts LCL filter research from its conventional wind energy emphasis to the emerging field of tidal stream generation systems. The LCL filter analysed in this paper is modelled to exhibit adequate mechanical, electrical, and hydrodynamic characteristics. This model accounts for tidal current variations, turbine speed control, and power extraction dynamics. The LCL filter is evaluated for its effectiveness in reducing harmonic distortions, voltage fluctuations, and reactive power fluctuations. This system is composed of a 1.5 MW/C, a 1.2 MW three-level inverter with a nominal voltage of 600 V, and an inductance (LCL) filter. The results show that the inverter produces a harmonic distortion of less than 0.5%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the filter in improving total harmonic distortion, reactive power consumption, and voltage control.

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