Design and optimization of silymarin loaded in lyophilized fast melt tablets to attenuate lung toxicity induced via HgCl₂ in rats

Abstract

The present study aimed to develop fast melting tablets (FMTs) using silymarin (SM) owing to FMTs rapid disintegration and dissolution. FMTs represent a pathway to help patients to increase their compliance level of treatment via facile administration without water or chewing beside reduction cost. One of the methods for FMTs formulation is lyophilization. Optimization of SM-FMTs was developed via a 3 2 factorial design. All prepared SM-FMTs were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, breaking force, friability, content uniformity, disintegration time (DT), and % SM released. The optimized FMT formula was selected based on the criteria of scoring the fastest DT and highest % SM released after 10 min (Q 10 ). Optimized FMT was subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) besides investigating its lung-protective efficacy. All SM-FMT tablets showed acceptable properties within the pharmacopeial standards. Optimized FMT (F7) scored a DT of 12.5 ± 0.64 Sec and % SM released at Q 10 of 82.69 ± 2.88%. No incompatibilities were found between SM and excipients, it showed a porous structure under SEM. The optimized formula decreased cytokines, up-regulated miRNA133a, and down-regulated miRNA-155 and COX-2 involved in the protection against lung toxicity prompted by HgCl 2 in a manner comparable to free SM at the same dosage.

Deleterious Effects of Mercuric Chloride Toxicity Initiated Partially from Physiological Disorder of Kidney, Immunocytes and Redox System, can be Reversed by Resveratrol Administration

“…HgCl2 solution is made in the following way. 100 mg of mercury chloride was dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water and the dose was 1µg.1µl -1 /1g of body weight (Said et al, 2021;Sheta et al, 2022).…”

Transethosomes as Breakthrough Tool for Controlled Transdermal Delivery of Dexketoprofen Trometamol: Design, Fabrication, Statistical Optimization, in Vitro, and Ex Vivo Characterization

“…Potassium bromide (KBR) pellet technique was adopted to perform FT-IR analysis of pure DKT and the optimal formula where a mixture of sample and KBr was pulverized at 10 kg/cm in a hydraulic press, yielding a translucent pellet which inserted in the sample container and scanned in FT-IR from 4000 cm -1 to 500 cm -1 [23][24][25].…”