Design and optimization of artificial cultivation units for algae production

Yadala, Soumya

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.06.001

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Open ponds are the oldest and least expensive configurations among the different methods; however, the culture suspension in open ponds is highly susceptible to contamination with other microorganisms, difficult to control temperature fluctuations and evaporative losses, and prone to insufficient mixing and light illumination [85][86][87][88]. The biomass production in PBRs, on the other hand, is more costly from the investment point of view, but this system allows a more controllable temperature and nutrient distribution, pH, light exposure, and contamination control strategies [85][86][87][88][89]. Efficient mixing in the PBR volume can enhance the light exposure of microorganisms in suspension [88,89].…”

Section: Usage Of Cyanobacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacteria: Model Microorganisms and Beyond

Allaf

Peerhossaini

2022

Microorganisms

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In this review, the general background is provided on cyanobacteria, including morphology, cell membrane structure, and their photosynthesis pathway. The presence of cyanobacteria in nature, and their industrial applications are discussed, and their production of secondary metabolites are explained. Biofilm formation, as a common feature of microorganisms, is detailed and the role of cell diffusion in bacterial colonization is described. Then, the discussion is narrowed down to cyanobacterium Synechsystis, as a lab model microorganism. In this relation, the morphology of Synechsystis is discussed and its different elements are detailed. Type IV pili, the complex multi-protein apparatus for motility and cell-cell adhesion in Synechosystis is described and the underlying function of its different elements is detailed. The phototaxis behavior of the cells, in response to homogenous or directional illumination, is reported and its relation to the run and tumble statistics of the cells is emphasized. In Synechsystis suspensions, there may exist a reciprocal interaction between the cell and the carrying fluid. The effects of shear flow on the growth, doubling per day, biomass production, pigments, and lipid production of Synechocystis are reported. Reciprocally, the effects of Synechocystis presence and its motility on the rheological properties of cell suspensions are addressed. This review only takes up the general grounds of cyanobacteria and does not get into the detailed biological aspects per se. Thus, it is substantially more comprehensive in that sense than other reviews that have been published in the last two decades. It is also written not only for the researchers in the field, but for those in physics and engineering, who may find it interesting, useful, and related to their own research.

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Section: Usage Of Cyanobacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacteria: Model Microorganisms and Beyond

Allaf

Peerhossaini

2022

Microorganisms

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“…Measurements were taken from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. for a given day. Solar radiation data for Hyderabad, India; Sorkoto, Nigeria; and Aberystwyth, UK were obtained from the literature [26][27][28]. Solar radiation data for Jaipur was collected from a local body.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunlight Intensity, Photosynthetically Active Radiation Modelling and Its Application in Algae-Based Wastewater Treatment and Its Cost Estimation

et al. 2021

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In algal pond used for treating wastewater, a part of the solar radiation (PAR) is used by algae for photosynthesis, and rest of the solar energy is wasted. To date, no studies have been conducted that optimize these aspects (wasted solar radiation for heat production) from an operational cost perspective. Therefore, a model is developed for the estimation of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from solar radiation. Subsequently, derived PAR was utilized in the optimization algorithm. Experimental data on PAR and solar radiation were used to obtain empirical parameters of the developed model. Using empirical parameters, diurnal PAR was estimated for other locations for which the diurnal variation of solar radiation was not available. Afterwards, the estimated solar radiation was used to obtain the cost of algal biomass production using wastewater. For this purpose, a cost function was minimized. The cost function contains various cost components of algae-based wastewater treatment. The major costs of the treatment were incurred by the sunlight harvesting, and distribution equipment, whereas the major income was registered through the conversion of sunlight to heat and biomass production. The yearly cost of treating 1m3 wastewater in the proposed wastewater treatment plant could be varied from 186 to −44 (Rs, INR). The capital cost of constructing a proposed treatment plant having a capacity of 1000 m3/day varied from 11–45 crores INR.

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“…raceways or high-rate ponds) are typically designed using a shallow earthen basin that may or may not be lined. These open ponds are referred to individually as a raceway because of the usual elongated layout with semicircular ends. ,,, Sewage lagoons that are square or circular can be used for microalgae production, but these systems are not generally considered viable options for mass production of algae to fuels and chemicals because of their less than ideal designs and operations capabilities . A raceway configuration is a commonly used design which is essentially an oval open ditch system with a paddle wheel bridged over some portion of the track to facilitate mixing and/or carbon dioxide introduction. , Lundquist et al report that over 4000 tons per year of algal biomass is produced globally each year with most being cultured in raceway systems.…”

Section: Algae Bioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae Culturing To Produce Biobased Diesel Fuels: An Overview of the Basics, Challenges, and a Look toward a True Biorefinery Future

Zappi¹,

Bajpai²,

Hernández³

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Microalgae is envisioned by many experts to be one of the key future feedstocks for producing transportation fuels and other chemical products. The concept has many positive aspects inclusive of being fully renewable, having minimal carbon footprint, and being able to be implemented in low value agricultural lands. There has been a tremendous amount of developmental work done to commercialize the concept since the mid-1900s; however, the reality is that the cost for a gallon of microalgae oil is still too expensive to be considered a viable option to produce biobased diesels at this time. Expanding the production of more than one or two products from a microalgae biorefinery is an economic must. Products derived from the algal cake must be developed and commercialized to offset the high cost of oil production. This paper will investigate the status of the concept and provide insight into directions needed to improve economic viability.

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Design and optimization of artificial cultivation units for algae production

Cited by 34 publications

References 67 publications

Cyanobacteria: Model Microorganisms and Beyond

Cyanobacteria: Model Microorganisms and Beyond

Sunlight Intensity, Photosynthetically Active Radiation Modelling and Its Application in Algae-Based Wastewater Treatment and Its Cost Estimation

Microalgae Culturing To Produce Biobased Diesel Fuels: An Overview of the Basics, Challenges, and a Look toward a True Biorefinery Future

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