Design and optimization of a nitric acid recovery plant from nitrous waste gases

Wiesner, Udo; Wittig, M.; Górak, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/0098-1354(96)00244-x

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Rapid developments in many industries like steel processing, metal-rening, ion exchange resin regeneration, electroplating industries and mining can cause severe pollution to the environment by discharging huge amounts of acidic wastewaters. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The common methods such as neutralization, crystallization, thermal decomposition and solvent extraction require heating and addition of alkaline solution, 8 which have high energy consumption and further pollute by disposal of salts. Membrane technology using an anion exchange membrane (AEM) for acid recovery via diffusion dialysis is an attractive tool for acid recovery and has been exploited to recover acids from waste solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of asymmetrical diffusion dialysis membranes for rapid acid recovery with high purity

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of asymmetrical diffusion dialysis membranes for rapid acid recovery with high purity

et al. 2015

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“…The sensitivity analysis performed in [75] proves that the suggested model provides qualitatively correct behavior of the concentration profiles. The simulations of the industrial absorption process shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Rigorous Modeling of Reactive Absorption Processes

Kenig¹,

Kucka

Górak

2003

Chem Eng & Technol

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Absorption of gases in liquid solutions accompanied by chemical reactions, or reactive absorption, represents one of the most important industrial operations. The advantages of this process are enhanced solution capacity, low impurity concentrations up to the ppm range, moderate operation pressure, and selective removal of contaminants. Reactive absorption is based on a combination of various kinetically controlled phenomena, the focus being on the coupling of chemical reactions and mass transfer in multicomponent mixtures. Therefore, the process description using the equilibrium concept is often insufficient and kinetic modeling is required. This paper describes the basics of rigorous modeling of reactive absorption processes. Several case studies are used in order to validate the models. In addition, a discussion of necessary model parameters, like diffusion coefficients and reaction kinetics, is given. A reduced model with lower computation time is obtained via detailed sensitivity analysis. This model is successfully used in dynamic simulations. In this respect, a proper consideration of the film reactions appears to be crucial.

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“…The reactions have complex orders, and most of them are exothermic. Wiesner et al (1996) made a first approach to use the Maxwell-Stefan equations within the modeling of the NO x absorption. However, they used enhancement factors to describe the mass transfer coupled by chemical reactions.…”

Section: Absorption Of No Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Wiesner et al (1996), a sensitivity study of an NO x absorption model was carried out which we now extend to a more accurate description of the simultaneous mass transfer and reaction within the interfacial region.…”

Section: Parameter Sensitivity Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Reactive Absorption Using the Maxwell−Stefan Equations

Kenig

Wiesner

Górak

1997

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The modeling and design of reactive absorption is based on a theoretical description of reaction and mass transport in multicomponent systems. The multicomponent nature of these phenomena leads to complex process behavior due to the superposition of many driving forcessmulticomponent diffusion, chemical interactions, convective flows, multicomponent thermodynamic interplay, etc. For this reason, an adequate theoretical description of the multicomponent reactive systems calls for the application of the Maxwell-Stefan equations and, further, for the use of matrix coupled mass-transfer equations together with the relevant reaction kinetics. On this basis, a two-phase, gas-liquid system is considered and a general model is developed for its design. Reactions in both liquid and gas phases are taken into account, and both the film and bulk reaction mechanisms are allowed for. The transport equation describing the film phenomena is solved analytically by using a linearization of the reaction term. The model is applied to the description of NO x absorption. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical results demonstrated their good agreement.

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Design and optimization of a nitric acid recovery plant from nitrous waste gases

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Fabrication of asymmetrical diffusion dialysis membranes for rapid acid recovery with high purity

Fabrication of asymmetrical diffusion dialysis membranes for rapid acid recovery with high purity

Rigorous Modeling of Reactive Absorption Processes

Modeling of Reactive Absorption Using the Maxwell−Stefan Equations

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