Design and Measurement of a Reconfigurable Transmitarray Antenna With Compact Varactor-Based Phase Shifters

Tang, Junwen; Xu, Shenheng; Yang, Fan; Li, Maokun

doi:10.1109/lawp.2021.3101891

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…They significantly relax the requirement of the complicated fabrication process and possess many attractive features such as lower loss, lighter weight, and a higher degree of integration. [1][2][3] With properly tailoring and arranging the unit cells of the metasurfaces, many novel planar devices have been created from optical to microwave wavelengths, including polarization conversion, [4] achromatic focusing lenses, [5,6] spin and orbital angular momentum, [7,8] high gain antennas, [9,10] holograms, [11,12] vortex beam generators, [13,14] microwave absorbers, [15,16] and so on.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adom202102111mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission–Reflection‐Integrated Quadratic Phase Metasurface for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Manipulation in Full Space

Wang

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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Metasurface has shown significant advantages in full‐space multifunctional electromagnetic (EM) manipulation due to its strong design capability. Here, a novel transmission–reflection‐integrated metasurface is proposed, which can simultaneously manipulate beam direction and polarization states. Through ingenious design based on the quadratic phase distribution, such a metasurface can dynamically control the beam deflection direction in both transmission and reflection modes by shifting the position of the feeding source. In addition, arbitrarily polarized EM waves can be generated based on the dual‐beam coherent interference method. The above EM functions are experimentally demonstrated at microwave frequencies. The wide‐angle beam steering performance is realized in full space, and its scanning range is beyond ±60°. More remarkably, the deflecting beam with different polarization states can be obtained by simultaneously illuminating the metasurface from the reflection and transmission sides with a specific phase difference. The measured results are in excellent accordance with the numerically simulated results, thus verifying the EM manipulation capability of the metasurface. The proposed design provides a new approach to achieve multifunctional beam manipulation in full space, which holds great promise in integrated optics, radar detection, and wireless communication.

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Section: Doi: 101002/adom202102111mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission–Reflection‐Integrated Quadratic Phase Metasurface for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Manipulation in Full Space

Wang

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…This RTA has the experimental performance of beam scanning capability ±50 degrees at 24.6 GHz in both the H-plane and E-plane. Another novel varactor diode and pin diode base phase shifter transmitarray design is reported in [95]. A wideband varactor diode and pin diode base phase shifter reconfigurable transmitter gives continuous phase shift control at 5.8 GHz.…”

Section: Varactor Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments and Challenges on Beam Steering Characteristics of Reconfigurable Transmitarray Antennas

et al. 2022

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This paper highlights recent developments and challenges on beam steering characteristics of reconfigurable transmitarray antennas. It introduces the operating principle of beam forming/beam steering high gain transmitarray antennas to enable the user to opt for economical and high performance solutions. A transmitarray antenna typically consists of a source antenna and a phase transformation structure. The incident waves generated from the source antenna is tilted using the phase transformation structure in a desired direction to steer the beam. Moreover, the phase transformation structure alters the incident wavefront to a plane wavefront using phase change characteristics. In order to steer a beam to a specific desired angle, it can be divided into two methods. There is a method of applying a transmitarray with a variable transmission phase change or a method of changing the shape of the wavefront of the source antenna. This type of beam forming/beam steering high gain antenna has been mainly studied from the point of view of high efficiency, low profile, and low cost. Several solutions of transmitarray unit cells have been presented in the literature, using PIN diodes, varactors, MEMS switches, and microfluids enable electronics to realize reconfigurable characteristics of transmitarray antennas. This paper analyzes the characteristics of various beam steering high gain reconfigurable transmitarrays (RTA) and highlights the future opportunities and challenges of the structure design for transmitarray antennas. This paper also highlights the challenges and gaps in terahertz and optical frequencies related to future work due to the structure complexity and lack of components’ availability. Moreover, the challenges and limitations related to multi-bit structures and dual-band requirements are presented.

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“…In the literature, first, a passive type transmitarray was proposed connecting the upper patch and lower patch in [2]. There are some active analog-type transmitarray in the literature, where varactor diode based phase shifters were used [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. There are some transmitarray and some reflectarray whose phases were discretized into using PIN diodes without using conventional phase shifter [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 4×4 digitally reconfigurable transmitarray: measurement of radiation patterns

Rana

Lee

Hong

2022

IEICE Electron. Express

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In this letter, measured radiation patterns of a 4×4 digitally reconfigurable transmitarray are presented. It is possible to get beam steering and polarization conversion operation using the 4×4 digitally reconfigurable transmitarray. There is a total of four PIN diodes in each unit cell of the transmitarray. The polarization conversion operation is realized using the upper two PIN diodes and the beam steering operation is realized using the lower two PIN diodes. "State1" and "State2" are the biasing conditions of PIN diodes of the lower layer. "State3" and "State4" are the biasing conditions of the upper two PIN diodes. These states can be represented as "0" and "1". By arranging "0" and "1" on the top and bottom layer of the transmitarray, beam steering, and polarization conversion operations can be obtained digitally. This type of transmitarray is useful for radars, satellites, and other types of communications applications.

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Design and Measurement of a Reconfigurable Transmitarray Antenna With Compact Varactor-Based Phase Shifters

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Transmission–Reflection‐Integrated Quadratic Phase Metasurface for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Manipulation in Full Space

Transmission–Reflection‐Integrated Quadratic Phase Metasurface for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Manipulation in Full Space

Recent Developments and Challenges on Beam Steering Characteristics of Reconfigurable Transmitarray Antennas

A 4×4 digitally reconfigurable transmitarray: measurement of radiation patterns

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