Design and integration of heat pumps for nZEB in IEA HPT Annex 49

Abstract

Heat pumps are a promising building technology, especially for nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) to be introduced in the EU by the beginning of 2021 for all new buildings. Despite heat pumps already range among the most efficient heat generators, further efficiency and cost optimisation is seen in system integration as well as in adapted design and control for the application in nZEB. IEA HPT Annex 49 investigates heat pump application in nZEB by simulation and field monitoring in order to evaluate integration options with other building technologies, thermal and electrical storages, the building envelope and the ground. Moreover, design and control for the loads in nZEB and the integration of nZEB into connected energy grids are considered. The investigations are accompanied by field monitoring of heat pumps in different nZEB applications and climate conditions in order to relate calculation results to the real operation and identify optimisation potentials. Expected results of the Annex 49 are recommendations regarding heat pump integration options and related design and control as well as real world heat pump performance in monitored nZEB. The paper gives an overview on the Annex 49 project and national contributions and will present first interim results of the Annex Tasks.

Assessment of the renewable energy generation towards net-zero energy buildings: A review

“…Many studies confirm that, despite different climatic conditions, heat pumps rate are among the most cost-effective and energy-efficient systems for NZEBs [107]. For instance, in Switzerland, more than 90% of buildings are equipped with heat pumps [108]. In Italy, Germany, France, and Denmark, heat pumps are preferable when it comes to meeting NZEB requirements under minimum future building regulations [109].…”

Studying the impact factors influencing variable-capacity heat pump energy performance through simulation

“…VCHP performance varies between units based on the individual performance characteristics of the heat pump (part-load performance and cold-climate capacity), and factors such as the modulation ratio of the heat pump and system sizing. Previous studies have underlined the importance of appropriately capturing the part load performance of variable capacity systems [3]; [4], and the impact that this can have on sizing, operations, and system control [5]. However, the cold Canadian climate necessitates a systematic evaluation on the influence of these three factors on the annual energy performance and operating behaviour of the heat pump.…”