Design and Implementation of Quad-Element Super-Wideband MIMO Antenna for IoT Applications

A conformal four-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna operating at 2.4 GHz and ultrawideband (UWB) is presented for wearable applications. The unit element of the MIMO antenna is a simple rectangular monopole with an impedance bandwidth of 8.9 GHz (3.1–12 GHz). In the monopole radiator, stubs are introduced to achieve 2.4 GHz resonance. Also, a defect is introduced in the ground plane to reduce backside radiation. The efficiency of the proposed antenna is greater than 95%, and its peak gain is 3.1 dBi. The MIMO antenna has an isolation of >20 dB, and the estimated specific absorption rate (SAR) values for 1 gm of tissue are below 1.6 W/Kg. The size of the four-port MIMO antenna is 1.38λ0 × 0.08λ0 × 0.014λ0.

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“…Channel capacity loss (CCL) is a measure of channel loss in a MIMO system. CCL is calculated using the following equation [20]:…”

Section: Diversity Performance Envelope Correlation Coefficient (Eccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e total active reflection coefficient (TARC) is defined as the ratio of total reflected power b i to total incident power a i , as given in the following equation [20]:…”

Section: Diversity Performance Envelope Correlation Coefficient (Eccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformal Quad-Port UWB MIMO Antenna for Body-Worn Applications

Govindan

Palaniswamy

Kanagasabai

et al. 2021

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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“…Thus to achieve the benefits like high data rate transmission, improved channel capacity, larger bandwidth, reduced fading effect, and improved energy efficiency the MIMO technology is amalgamated with SWB antenna. Recently several wideband MIMO/diversity antennas have been VOLUME 4, 2016 investigated by contributors from academia and industry [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified SWB Hexagonal Fractal Spatial Diversity Antenna With High Isolation Using Meander Line Approach

Chaudhary

Manohar

2022

IEEE Access

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This manuscript introduces a novel miniaturized super wideband (SWB) hexagonal fractal spatial diversity 2-element multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for broadband applications, as a compact wideband antenna is required for military radio and space communication devices. The designed antenna includes two hexagonal (1 st modified Koch iteration) Koch fractal radiators with two linear tapered feedlines (TLTF) and a step tapered slotted ground plane (STSGP) that provides the broad impedance characteristic with miniaturized size in the operating band of 1.78-30 GHz. Moreover, the STSGP is also accountable for enabling the isolation (S 12/21 ) better than 10 dB. To further meet the isolation higher than 22 dB, a meander line is protruded from the ground plane while maintaining a 6 mm edge-to-edge distance between two antenna elements. Typically, the MIMO antenna with high isolation is beneficial for highspeed data transmission. The experimental outcomes represent that the proposed MIMO antenna is with the advantages of reasonably good diversity gain (nearly 10 dB), stable radiation patterns, high peak gain (almost 6.6 dBi), and moderate radiation efficiency (around 85%) across -10 dB impedance bandwidth. The total active reflection coefficient (TARC) and envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) are less than -25 dB and 0.1 respectively. Due to all these attributes, the proposed 2-element MIMO antenna array can be a potential candidate for military radio, spectrum sensing for cognitive radio, and space communication applications.

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“…In recent years, a few multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna structures for IoT applications have also been reported [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. A triple-band MIMO antenna with a complementary split-ring resonator was presented in [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A triple-band MIMO antenna with a complementary split-ring resonator was presented in [ 23 ]. A planar multi-band MIMO antenna in [ 24 ], a two-port dielectric resonator antenna structure in [ 25 ], a meander line radiator loaded with a split ring resonator in [ 26 ], an ellipse-shaped multi-band MIMO antenna in [ 27 ], an eight-port meandered line structure in [ 28 ], a four-port MIMO antenna for 5G applications in [ 29 ], a four-port L-shaped planar inverted-F antenna in [ 30 ], a two-port dielectric resonator antenna for LTE applications in [ 31 ], a CPW-fed sickle-shaped resonator for IoT application in [ 32 ], a meander line monopole antenna for multiband applications in [ 33 ], a monopole antenna with vias for IoT applications in [ 34 ], a CPW-fed rectangular patch radiator in [ 35 ], and a combination of simple monopole radiators for IoT/WLAN/sub-6 GHz/X-band applications in [ 36 ]. However, the majority of the above-reported MIMO antenna designs were large in size and difficult to integrate on the printed circuit board of the IoT module.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Performance Analysis of a Compact Planar MIMO Antenna for IoT Applications

Thiruvenkadam

Parthasarathy

Palaniswamy

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This article presents a quad-band multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The proposed antenna consists of four quarter-wavelength asymmetrical meandered radiators, microstrip feed lines, and modified ground planes. The antenna elements are arranged in a chiral pattern to improve isolation between them, with two radiators and two ground planes placed on the front side of the substrate and the other two on the back side. The MIMO antenna has an operating bandwidth (S11 ≤ −10 dB) of 1.76–1.84 GHz, 2.37–2.56 GHz, 3.23–3.68 GHz, and 5.34–5.84 GHz, covering GSM, WLAN, WiMAX, and 5G frequency bands. The isolation between the radiating elements is greater than 18 dB in the operating bands. The peak gain of the antenna is 3.6 dBi, and the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.04. Furthermore, the proposed antenna is validated for IoT-based smart home (SH) applications. The prototype MIMO antenna is integrated with a commercially available ZigBee device, and the measured values are found to be consistent with the expected results. The proposed MIMO antenna could be a good candidate for IoT systems/modules due to its low profile, compact size, lightweight, and easy integration with wireless communication devices.

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Design and Implementation of Quad-Element Super-Wideband MIMO Antenna for IoT Applications

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Conformal Quad-Port UWB MIMO Antenna for Body-Worn Applications

Conformal Quad-Port UWB MIMO Antenna for Body-Worn Applications

A Modified SWB Hexagonal Fractal Spatial Diversity Antenna With High Isolation Using Meander Line Approach

Design and Performance Analysis of a Compact Planar MIMO Antenna for IoT Applications

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