Design and Implementation of Individual Sustainability Systems

Gamification of Sustainable Consumption: a systematic literature review

“…Notifications [41,48,51,57,70,85] 6 Chatbots [70,71] 2 Punishment [77,78] 2 Competition [20,21,42,44,51,59,65,70,89] 9…”

“…These pillars are: the social world (settings, values, institutions and norms), the material world (technology and infrastructure) and the "body" (behaviors, cognitive processes and physical dispositions) [111,112] Habits are formed by repetition, which leads to automatic behaviors that are context dependent [18,113] Only few papers reviewed presented outcomes (either intended or achieved) that address all three pillars. The practice approaches were presented in terms of what can engage citizens in actions of change beyond raising awareness [20,48,68] by "leveraging ethical behaviors" [43] and catalyzing individual engagement, through encouragement and exemplification [45]; measuring impacts in relation to context and temporality [61] and providing recommendations for policy-development, design of education programs, and development of campaigns [54,85,101]. The large majority of papers had the intention to motivate different behaviors or learning more about them, in many instances specifying these behaviors in the context of one or two of the other focus areas (user experience, social practice, environmental impacts), thus providing discussion points such as the relevance of infrastructure to make individual consumption shifts possible [58,69,79,88].…”

“…Of all these, only one -MatkaHupi [89] was cited in a later study [78]. To track other apps, an online research showed that the Lively Suite [85] a goal-based application that aims at strengthening positive individual habits, was reported as being under development in 2014, and that, until 2017 had an online presence as a "project into personal sustainability of the university of Auckland" but its website (www.livelysuite.com) hasn't been updated ever since. Of all the searched apps, only "Ducky" [48] evolved from a "Beta version" in 2016 into the services and products of a full-fledged social enterprise in 2020 (www.ducky.eco).…”

“…Another paper focused on the exploration of Sustainable Social Shopping Systems [85] conveys a "life-dimension" approach to address habit-forming models, elaborating on the areas of health, finance and environment in an effort to connect product suppliers, government regulations and consumers, an angle that no other of the papers of the study analyzes even though understanding the impacts on/of lifestyles are relevant for the design of strategies to enable practices of individual sustainable consumption [126]. Some discussion points that stem from this argument relate to how these habit-forming models are contextualized, as individual consumption choices are strongly linked to aspirations and values, as well as external circumstances for which a more nuanced understanding of gamification and sustainable consumption are needed in order to provide nearly individualized solutions.…”