Design and implementation of electronic health record-based tools to support a weight management program in primary care

Abstract

Objectives This paper reports on a mixed methods formative evaluation to support the design and implementation of information technology (IT) tools for a primary care weight management intervention delivered through the patient portal using primary care staff as coaches. Methods We performed a qualitative needs assessment, designed the IT tools to support the weight management program, and developed implementation tracking metrics. Implementation tracking metrics were designed to use real world electronic health record (EHR) data. Results The needs assessment revealed IT requirements as well as barriers and facilitators to implementation of EHR-based weight management interventions in primary care. We developed implementation metrics for the IT tools. These metrics were used in weekly project team calls to make sure that project resources were allocated to areas of need. Conclusion This study identifies the important role of IT in supporting weight management through patient identification, weight and activity tracking in the patient portal, and the use of the EHR as a population management tool. An intensive multi-level implementation approach is required for successful primary care-based weight management interventions including well-designed IT tools, comprehensive involvement of clinic leadership, and implementation tracking metrics to guide the process of workflow integration. This study helps to bridge the gap between informatics and implementation by using socio-technical formative evaluation methods early in order to support the implementation of IT tools. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04420936. Registered June 9, 2020.