Design and Implementation of Automatic Water Spraying System for Solar Photovoltaic Module

Kumar, L. Ashok; Indragandhi, V.; Teekaraman, Yuvaraja; Kuppusamy, Ramya; Radhakrishnan, Arun

doi:10.1155/2022/7129610

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Used, heated water may be then used for domestic purposes. The daily usage of water on the panel heated to more than 45 • C amounts to 15.6 L. Maximum cooling allowed a temperature drop of 20 • C, and the average drops were approximately 10 • C [78]. A different approach is presented by a team of scientists from the Institute of Science and Technology in Henan, China and two Egyptian universities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of PV Solar Energy Development 2011–2021 in Central European Countries

Ryńska

2022

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

According to the data collected in 2022 during 5th International Off-Grid Renewable Energy Conference organized in Abu Dhabi by the International Renewable Energy Agency, the global energy requirements show a negative impact on approximately 785 million people facing energy poverty. The long-term energy sustainability solutions should consider off-grid solutions in the planning of an energy mix and be considered as interim both in remote and already urbanized areas. These measures require integrated planning and partnering with local distribution networks. The review presents the development of photovoltaic installations in Central European countries. For more than 40 years, this area belonged to different regimes and joined the European Union at various dates. Hence, the development of energy policies and cultural and social expectations differ even when based on the Green Deal presented by the European Union in 2020. The outcomes prove that even with a variety of policy measures, the strongest boost can be given only by a set of national rules and financial incentives supporting the stakeholders. It should be noted that the advancement of PV often does not rely on climatic conditions, but more on the level of incentives undertaken by each country, as well as the general policy measures undertaken on the EU level.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of PV Solar Energy Development 2011–2021 in Central European Countries

Ryńska

2022

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Research with the aim of increasing the efficiency of PV modules by lowering their temperature and decreasing the reflection loss of irradiance was also carried out by Kumar et al [19]. It was found that the power of a PV panel increased when it was splashed with water.…”

Section: Cooling Of Pv Panelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Overflowing by Seawater on the Power of a Ship’s Photovoltaic Panels under Extensive Sea Waves

Zeńczak,

Zapałowicz

2024

Polish Maritime Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the International Maritime Organization has paved the way towards zero emissions, more frequent applications of transition fuels in newly constructed ships have been observed. Fuels such as LNG or methanol are characterised by lower emissions when burned in engines. In order to diminish fuel consumption, and hence the rate of emission, support for the performance of a ship’s engines with energy from renewable sources such as photovoltaic (PV) installations is increasingly common. The efficiency of PV panels decreases with an increase in temperature, and it is therefore important to cool them. However, the cooling systems for PV panels impose additional financial outlays as well as a higher demand for electric power, which is needed to run the circulating pumps. A natural cooling process can occur in some vessels via high sea waves, when the ship’s decks are flooded by outboard water, although such cooling has an accidental and periodic character, as it results from weather conditions. Despite this, its potential demands a closer examination. This paper presents experimental research carried out with an experimental setup that allowed us to simulate the process of flooding of a PV panel with water waves of various frequencies, resulting from choppy periods at sea. Depending on the weather conditions and the character of flooding, our results indicate that an increase in the power of the PV module of about 18% is obtainable. Our research shows that when the intervals between flooding are longer, the periodic character of the temperature changes obtained by flooding the front surface of a PV panel with water is more distinctive.

show abstract

“…This reduces the efficiency of the solar panels and can even cause damage to them [5]. There are various ways of cooling solar panels or/and using this heat [6][7][8], but the most promising way is to create hybrid photovoltaicthermoelectric devices, in which this heat is directly converted into electricity [9][10][11][12][13]. This explains the increasing attention of researchers to materials possessing thermoelectric and photovoltaic properties simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Thermal and Flash-Lamp Annealing on the Thermoelectrical Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanocrystals Obtained by “Green” Colloidal Synthesis

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The problem with waste heat in solar panels has stimulated research on materials suitable for hybrid solar cells, which combine photovoltaic and thermoelectric properties. One such potential material is Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS). Here, we investigated thin films formed from CZTS nanocrystals obtained by “green” colloidal synthesis. The films were subjected to thermal annealing at temperatures up to 350 °C or flash-lamp annealing (FLA) at light-pulse power densities up to 12 J/cm2. The range of 250–300 °C was found to be optimal for obtaining conductive nanocrystalline films, for which the thermoelectric parameters could also be determined reliably. From phonon Raman spectra, we conclude that in this temperature range, a structural transition occurs in CZTS, accompanied by the formation of the minor CuxS phase. The latter is assumed to be a determinant for both the electrical and thermoelectrical properties of CZTS films obtained in this way. For the FLA-treated samples, the film conductivity achieved was too low to measure the thermoelectric parameters reliably, although the partial improvement of the CZTS crystallinity is observed in the Raman spectra. However, the absence of the CuxS phase supports the assumption of its importance with respect to the thermoelectric properties of such CZTS thin films.

show abstract

Design and Implementation of Automatic Water Spraying System for Solar Photovoltaic Module

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Review of PV Solar Energy Development 2011–2021 in Central European Countries

Review of PV Solar Energy Development 2011–2021 in Central European Countries

Effect of Overflowing by Seawater on the Power of a Ship’s Photovoltaic Panels under Extensive Sea Waves

Influence of Thermal and Flash-Lamp Annealing on the Thermoelectrical Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanocrystals Obtained by “Green” Colloidal Synthesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About