Design and implementation of an African native language-based programming language

Abstract

<p>Most of the existing high level programming languages havehitherto borrowed their lexical items from human languages including European and Asian languages. However, there is paucity of research information on programming languages developed with the lexicons of an African indigenous language. This research explored the design and implementation of an African indigenous language-based programming language using Yoruba as case study. Yoruba is the first language of over 30 million people in the south-west of Nigeria, Africa; and is spoken by over one hundred million people world-wide. It is hoped, as established by research studies, that making computer programming possible in one’s mother tongue will enhance computer-based problem-solving processes by indigenous learners and teachers. The alphabets and reserved words of the programming language were respectively formed from the basic Yoruba alphabets and standard Yoruba words. The lexical items and syntactic structures of the programming language were designed with appropriate regular expressions and context-free grammars, using Backus-Naur Form (BNF) notations. A prototype implementation of the programming language was carried out as a source-to-source, 5-pass compiler. QBasic within QB64 IDE was the implementation language. The results from implementation showed functional correctness and effectiveness of the developed programming language. Thus lexical items of a programming language need not be borrowed exclusively from European and Asian languages, they can and should be borrowed from most African native languages. Furthermore, the developed native language programming language can be used to introduce computer programming to indigenous pupils of primary and junior secondary schools.</p>

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“…Rather than trying to build an objective or universal AI system, many new projects attempt to adapt AI research for local contexts. That might mean creating new programming languages based on other scripts and writing systems—such as Qalb, which allows the user to write in Arabic—or using Indigenous grammatical categories to reimagine what it means to “run” code (Olatunji et al, 2019). Other projects adapt large-scale AI projects, such as Google Translate, to local datasets, while refusing to sell the data or results to outside industry (Abdilla, 2018).…”

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“…A subset of a computer programming language (PL) based on the lexicons of an African indigenous language, specifically the Yoruba language, has been developed. Its design, as well, as its prototype implementation has been reported (Olatunji, et al, 2018;Olatunji et al, 2019a;Olatunji et al, 2021). More than 30 million people in Nigeria, Africa have Yoruba as their first language, while the language is spoken by more than one hundred million people throughout the world (Eludiora, et al, 2015).…”