Design and Implementation of a Compact Low-Dose Diffraction Enhanced Medical Imaging System

Parham, Christopher; Zhong, Zhong; Connor, Dean M.; Chapman, L. D.; Pisano, Etta D.

doi:10.1016/j.acra.2009.02.007

Cited by 77 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Comparing single-distance PBI and single rocking-angle DEI of mouse and rabbit lungs indicates that DEI yields images of superior contrast than those for PBI, and both techniques show a significant contrast improvement over conventional absorption radiographs (11). The use of DEI with laboratory sources suffers from low monochromatic flux and the resulting long exposure times, which are not compatible with in vivo imaging applications (21,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Schleede

Meinel²,

Bech

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

128

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In early stages of various pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and fibrosis, the change in X-ray attenuation is not detectable with absorption-based radiography. To monitor the morphological changes that the alveoli network undergoes in the progression of these diseases, we propose using the dark-field signal, which is related to small-angle scattering in the sample. Combined with the absorption-based image, the dark-field signal enables better discrimination between healthy and emphysematous lung tissue in a mouse model. All measurements have been performed at 36 keV using a monochromatic laser-driven miniature synchrotron X-ray source (Compact Light Source). In this paper we present grating-based dark-field images of emphysematous vs. healthy lung tissue, where the strong dependence of the dark-field signal on mean alveolar size leads to improved diagnosis of emphysema in lung radiographs.

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mentioning

confidence: 94%

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Schleede

Meinel²,

Bech

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

128

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“…The method was initially developed for synchrotron beam lines and has also been implemented using heavily filtered polychromatic x-ray beams from a conventional x-ray tube. 10,13 The second method uses the Talbot-Lau interferometer with three gratings [14][15][16] and a conventional x-ray tube. The required spatial coherence of the beam is achieved by splitting the x-ray beams into many different beamlets using one of the three gratings.…”

Section: -5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation dose efficiency comparison between differential phase contrast CT and conventional absorption CT

Zambelli

Bevins

et al. 2010

Medical Physics

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Purpose:The superior radiation dose efficiency of a newly implemented differential phase contrast CT imaging method compared to the conventional absorption CT method is demonstrated. Methods: A differential phase contrast CT imaging method has recently been implemented using conventional x-ray sources with a grating interferometer consisting of three gratings. This approach offers the possibility of simultaneous reconstruction of both attenuation contrast and phase contrast images from a single acquisition. This enables a direct comparison of radiation dose efficiency of both types of reconstructed images under identical conditions. Radiation dose efficiency was studied by measuring the change in contrast-to-noise ratio ͑CNR͒ with different exposure levels. A physical phantom of 28.5 mm diameter was constructed and used for measurement of CNR in both the absorption and phase contrast CT images, which were reconstructed from the same data set. Results: For three of the four materials studied, at any given exposure level, the CNR of the differential phase contrast CT images was superior to that of the corresponding absorption contrast CT images. The most dramatic improvement was noted in the contrast between PMMA and water, where the CNR was improved by a factor of approximately 5.5 in the differential phase contrast CT images. Additionally, the CNR of phase contrast CT is empirically shown to have the same square root dependence on exposure, as is the case for absorption contrast CT. Conclusions: The differential phase contrast CT method provided higher CNR than conventional absorption CT at equivalent dose levels for most of the materials studied, and so may enable achievement of the same object visibility as conventional absorption CT methods at a lower exposure level.

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“…Several techniques have been demonstrated to be also compatible with standard (nonmicrofocal) x-ray sources. [9][10][11][12][13] This compatibility is crucial to meet the needs of many biological disciplines (e.g., small animal imaging), for example, to perform scans in standard research laboratories, fast, repeatedly, and with a high throughput.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-dose phase contrast tomography with conventional x-ray sources

et al. 2014

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Purpose:The edge illumination (EI) x-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCi) method has been recently further developed to perform tomographic and, thus, volumetric imaging. In this paper, the first tomographic EI XPCi images acquired with a conventional x-ray source at dose levels below that used for preclinical small animal imaging are presented. Methods: Two test objects, a biological sample and a custom-built phantom, were imaged with a laboratory-based EI XPCi setup in tomography mode. Tomographic maps that show the phase shift and attenuating properties of the object were reconstructed, and analyzed in terms of signal-tonoise ratio and quantitative accuracy. Dose measurements using thermoluminescence devices were performed. Results:The obtained images demonstrate that phase based imaging methods can provide superior results compared to attenuation based modalities for weakly attenuating samples also in 3D. Moreover, and, most importantly, they demonstrate the feasibility of low-dose imaging. In addition, the experimental results can be considered quantitative within the constraints imposed by polychromaticity. Conclusions:The results, together with the method's dose efficiency and compatibility with conventional x-ray sources, indicate that tomographic EI XPCi can become an important tool for the routine imaging of biomedical samples.

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Design and Implementation of a Compact Low-Dose Diffraction Enhanced Medical Imaging System

Cited by 77 publications

References 26 publications

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Radiation dose efficiency comparison between differential phase contrast CT and conventional absorption CT

Low-dose phase contrast tomography with conventional x-ray sources

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