Design and Implementation of a Logic Controller using Petri Nets and Ladder Logic Diagrams

Tzafestas, Spyros G.; Pantelelis, Michail; Kostis, D.L.

doi:10.1080/02329290212164

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Ref. [16] presents a method for generating ladder diagrams (LDs), which are widely used for discrete event control, that enables faster development, debugging, and re-engineering. It is based on PN models that are valid for formal system analysis, as well as their ability to verify liveness and cyclicity.…”

Section: Related Work and Proposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petri Net-Based Semi-Compiled Code Generation for Programmable Logic Controllers

Fernandez

Ayani²,

Mugarza

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Industrial discrete event dynamic systems (DEDSs) are commonly modeled by means of Petri nets (PNs). PNs have the capability to model behaviors such as concurrency, synchronization, and resource sharing, compared to a step transition function chart or GRAphe Fonctionnel de Commande Etape Transition (GRAFCET) which is a particular case of a PN. However, there is not an effective systematic way to implement a PN in a programmable logic controller (PLC), and so the implementation of such a controller outside a PLC in some external software that will communicate with the PLC is very common. There have been some attempts to implement PNs within a PLC, but they are dependent on how the logic of places and transitions is programmed for each application. This work proposes a novel application-independent and platform-independent PN implementation methodology. This methodology is a systematic way to implement a PN controller within industrial PLCs. A great portion of the code will be validated automatically prior to PLC implementation. Net structure and marking evolution will be checked on the basis of PN model structural analysis, and only net interpretation will be manually coded and error-prone. Thus, this methodology represents a systematic and semi-compiled PN implementation method. A use case supported by a digital twin (DT) is shown where the automated solution required by a manufacturing system is carried out and executed in two different devices for portability testing, and the scan cycle periods are compared for both approaches.

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Section: Related Work and Proposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PN model is constructed, evaluated and simulated in a simple way, which is demanded by authors such as [16]. A visual and intuitive software tool is used to code, generating structural data that are managed by fixed program blocks, and validate part of the implementation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Petri Net-Based Semi-Compiled Code Generation for Programmable Logic Controllers

Fernandez

Ayani²,

Mugarza

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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“…Modeling of conversion techniques [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] have been performed by applying several techniques based on PNs in ladder diagram. Jones et al [31,32] propose a method for the translation of PN to LD via token pass ladder logic (TPLL).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Converting Colored Petri Nets to Ladder Diagram in the Automation of Automated Manufacturing Systems

et al. 2023

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The Ladder Diagram (LD) is an industry-standard programming language for constructing automated manufacturing systems (AMSs) control algorithms. Petri net (PN) theory, on the other hand, is a mathematical and graphical modeling tool for AMSs. Multiple types of PN-based LDs are designed for AMSs with highly complicated LD structures. Thus, it is necessary to propose a technique that can assist in the minimization of the structural complexity of LDs. The main purpose of this study is to propose a methodology for the implementation of LDs in AMSs. First, a colored resource-oriented Petri net (CROPN) is developed for modeling and guaranteeing the deadlock-free behavior of AMS. Second, a ladder diagram CROPN (LDCROPN) is constructed in order to transform the CROPN into an LD. The proposed LDCROPN is assessed using instances from the literature. The results show that the LDCROPN is effective, has a simpler structure, and has less computational overhead than existing techniques.

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“…They also provide quantitative analysis methods for resource utilization, consequences of system failures, system throughput rates andmore. Being a well-defined and a well-developed tool based on mathematical formulation, PN modeling is ideal as a method to implement realtime control for discrete industrial systems (Tzafestas et al, 2002). Boucher et al (1989) a controller for a robot and numerically controlled lathe with the PN, LL loaders and compilers were developed, where the researchers compared the control performance of each of them and reported that the PN described the flow of the process more efficiently than the corresponding LL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petri Nets and Ladder Logic for Fully-Automating and Programmable Logic Control of Semi-Automatic Machines and Systems

Barghash¹,

Abuzeid²,

Al‐Rabadi³

et al. 2011

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: Automating semi-automatic dynamic machines and complex systems, where some functionalities are already automated but the machine doesn't run fully in automatic mode, represents another challenge to automating dynamic and manual complex systems. This study deals with a special case of this general problem, where the system's semi-automatic and automatic functionalities run separately in a sequence with either automatic and/or semi-automatic functionality running at any point of time, but not both. Approach: Petri-nets can successfully represent the operations of both the semi-automated and fully-automated functionalities of such dynamic systems. Three roles for the programmable logic controllers were suggested: (a) Ignoring the presence of the semi-automatic part, (b) simulating the semi-automatic part and recognizing discrepancies and(c) simulating the semi-automatic functionalities and supporting it, where the last choice was most costly and most reliable. Results: This study presents a case study for a PVC mixing dynamic process to illustrate the three suggested controller design possibilities, where a Petri net model and related ladder logic program were developed to show these three controller design options. In this respect, the semiautomatic functionality is an intermediate step between the two automated functionalities, within which an important decision should be made to end the previous automatic step and to begin the next automatic step. Conclusion/Recommendations: The automation method that was introduced in this study is applicable to a large number of machines within industrial and mechanical systems that were built using older semi-automatic control systems. Various decision analyses {DA1, DA2, DA3} were shown to produce basic choices for such types of applications. Petri-nets and ladder logic in this respect can successfully represent the operations of both the semi-automated and fully-automated functionalities, where a Petri net model and the consequent ladder logic program, used to program the utilized programmable logic controller, are developed to show three possible controller designs, where the choice between three designs depend on the designers objective of cost, reliability and fault tolerance.

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Design and Implementation of a Logic Controller using Petri Nets and Ladder Logic Diagrams

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Petri Net-Based Semi-Compiled Code Generation for Programmable Logic Controllers

Petri Net-Based Semi-Compiled Code Generation for Programmable Logic Controllers

A Novel Method for Converting Colored Petri Nets to Ladder Diagram in the Automation of Automated Manufacturing Systems

Petri Nets and Ladder Logic for Fully-Automating and Programmable Logic Control of Semi-Automatic Machines and Systems

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