Design and Implementation of a Class D Power Amplifier for a Transmitter in a Sonar System

Song, Hong; Wen, Ming; Chen, Guang Da; Deng, Hong

doi:10.2991/iiicec-15.2015.362

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…In the literature, there are several topologies of SMPA to excite the transducer, which mainly focus on increasing energy efficiency with the selection of power transistors and reducing the content of THD using different modulation techniques. Table 3 shows a summary of the most important characteristics of commonly used SPA technologies such as class B [19][20][21], class D [22][23][24], full-bridge inverter (FBI) [25][26][27][28], multilevel inverter (MLI) [29,30] and T-type inverter [31,32]. The SPA topology selected for the active SONAR transmission system is a full-bridge inverter with an SPWM controller, as shown in Figure 17.…”

Section: Class Conduction Anglementioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation Detection in a Tonpilz-Type Transducer for Active SONAR Transmission System

Villalobos

López

Vázquez

et al. 2023

JMSE

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The active sound navigation and ranging (SONAR) transmission system emits acoustic pulses underwater using a wave generator, a SONAR power amplifier (SPA), and a projector. The acoustic pulse travel in the direction of the target and return as an echo to a hydrophone to learn the range or speed of the object. Often the same device is used as a hydrophone and a projector; in this context, it is known as a transducer. In order to obtain a maximum range of detection in the SONAR, it is desirable to generate the maximum amount of acoustic power until the point in which the echo can be detectable in an atmosphere with non-wished noise. Therefore, a high value of source level (SL) is required that depends largely on the value of electrical power applied to the transducer (Pe). However, when trying to obtain the maximum range of detection in the SONAR system there are the following three peculiar limitations that affect performance: The cavitation, the reverberation, and the effect of interaction in the near field. In this paper, an experimental measurement methodology is presented to detect the cavitation effects in a tonpilz-type transducer for an active SONAR transmission system using a transducer as a projector and a calibrated hydrophone in a hydroacoustic tank by measuring the parameters of total harmonic distortion of the fundamental waveform (THD-F) of the generated acoustic pulse, transmitting voltage response (TVR) to characterize the system and sound pressure level (SPL) that indicates the intensity of sound at a given distance. Whereas the reverberation and the interaction effect in the near field are objects of other study cases. A 570.21 W and THD-F < 5% switched-mode power amplifier (SMPA) prototype was developed to excite the electroacoustic transducer employing a full-bridge inverter (FBI) topology and a digital controller using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) for unipolar sine pulse width modulation (SPWM) to generate a continuous wave (CW) acoustic pulse at a frequency 11.6 kHz. The results obtained show that from the level of Pe=196.05 W with the transducer at 1 m of depth, the value of THD-F increases significantly while the behavior of the TVR and SPL parameters is affected since it is not as expected and is attributed when cavitation occurs.

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