Design and Fabrication of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds via Rapid Prototyping and CAD

Lin, Liulan; Hu, Qingxi; Huang, Xianxu; Xu, Gening

doi:10.1016/s1002-0721(07)60510-9

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…During the fabrication, laser power was kept at 12 W, and the scaffolds were built layer-by-layer using a powder layer thickness of 100 μm, a preheating temperature of 50 o C, and a scan speed of 2.5 m/s. After the sintering process, the temperature was increased to 600 o C to remove the epoxy resin/nylon polymer, and a β-TCP only scaffold was successfully manufactured (59).…”

Section: Selective Laser Sintering (Sls)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid Free-form Fabrication Technology and Its Application to Bone Tissue Engineering

2010

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The development of scaffolds for use in cell-based therapies to repair damaged bone tissue has become a critical component in the field of bone tissue engineering. However, design of scaffolds using conventional fabrication techniques has limited further advancement, due to a lack of the required precision and reproducibility. To overcome these constraints, bone tissue engineers have focused on solid free-form fabrication (SFF) techniques to generate porous, fully interconnected scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. This paper reviews the potential application of SFF fabrication technologies for bone tissue engineering with respect to scaffold fabrication. In the near future, bone scaffolds made using SFF apparatus should become effective therapies for bone defects.

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Section: Selective Laser Sintering (Sls)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid Free-form Fabrication Technology and Its Application to Bone Tissue Engineering

2010

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“…A further natural auxetic material that has been studied and predicted to have a negative Poisson's ratio is the load-bearing cancellous bone from human shins [24]. Another example of a tissue that demonstrates a negative Poisson's ratio is the arterial endothelium when subjected to both wall shear stresses and a cyclic circumferential strain due to pulsatile blood flow [25]. A scaffold made out of an auxetic material (an auxetic scaffold) would expand and contract in tande resulting from the cyclical pressures from pulsatile blood flow.…”

Section: Auxeticmaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some very important biological materials are auxetic he first material to be considered was skin and it has been found that several types of skin possess a negative such as cat skin [21], cow teat skin [22] and salamander skin [23]. A further natural auxetic material that has been studied and predicted to have a negative Poisson's bearing cancellous bone from human shins ther example of a tissue that demonstrates a oisson's ratio is the arterial endothelium when subjected to both wall shear stresses and a cyclic circumferential strain due to pulsatile blood flow [25]. A scaffold made out of an auxetic material (an auxetic scaffold) would expand and contract in tandem with the strains resulting from the cyclical pressures from pulsatile blood flow.…”

Section: Auxeticmaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Negative Poisson′s Ratio on Stent Applications

Bhullar¹

2013

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Abstract:Stents are usually defined as small tubular structures that are inserted into the diseased region which provide mechanical support of damaged artery or some other hollow organ to restore lumen and blood flow conditions in arteries. Recently developed stents may accumulate functions; for example, they can be used for drug delivery or for treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. Further clinical failures such as crushing, removing, restenosis are some of the most serious reasons for continuing stent improvements. Therefore, our research study has the design and manufacture of an auxetic structure with enhanced mechanical properties through the tailored negative Poisson's ratio, and its configuration as an auxetic stent to be used for example in the palliative treatment of esophageal cancer and for the prevention of dysphagia as the main objective. Background: The use of stents for esophageal diseases has evolved greatly over the past 30 years. Esophageal cancer is the growth of cancer cells in the esophagus tube which usually originates in the inner layers of the lining of the esophagus and grows outward. In time, the tumor can obstruct the passage of food and liquid, making swallowing painful and difficult. Since most patients are not diagnosed until the late stages of the disease, esophageal cancer is associated with poor quality of life and low survival rates. Method: This research study is organized in three parts devoted to fabrication of auxetic structure and stent samples, experimental testing and discussion of results. For this purpose a model of an auxetic rotating-square geometry with a circular hole structure is developed by laser cutting apolyurethane sheet. The auxeticoesophageal stent was made by folding and gluing the auxetic sheet (with rigid squares and circular holes) into a cylindrical shape. Combined videoextensometry with compressive and tensile testing are employed to determine the deformation response of the auxetic sheet and stent to obtain stress-strain curves and estimation of Poisson's ratio.Conclusions: The stenting outcomes are improved through mechanical design with tailored negative Poisson's ratio through cell geometry of the esophagus stent. Theauxetic stent geometry of rotating squares with circular holes will be lighter in weight; reduces obstruction and food impaction because of its unique deformation mechanism; and can reduces migration of the implant stent by embedding inside the tissue.

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“…The mould displays a branching network of shafts that will define the microchannels in the scaffold. [1][2][3][4][5] The fusion deposition model (FDM) technique helps to structure the acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene polymer (ABS), a mobile extruder head deposits layers of molten material. The layer-by-layer building approach produces highly complex structures that would be impossible to achieve with technologies based on material subtraction, the most frequently employed procedure nowadays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Phosphate Coatings by Sol-Gel on Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene Substrate

Bandeira¹,

Campos²,

Ciuffi³

et al. 2016

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Additive manufacture is an effective technology to produce complex macrostructures from polymers. Sol-gel is a chemical process that affords multifunctional materials by functionalization of different substrates. This work reports on the use of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer (ABS) as starting material to obtain a substrate by additive manufacture. Coating of ABS by the sol-gel methodology generated a multifunctional material. Sols with and without phosphate ions were prepared from silicon and calcium alkoxide. Based on X-ray diffraction patterns, a calcium phosphate crystalline structure emerged on ABS after contact of the substrate with simulated body fluid. Infrared analysis revealed that the peaks of the functionalized substrate shifted, indicating that ABS interacted with the sol-gel coating. According to thermal analysis, the maximum decomposition temperature of the coated samples was 20 °C higher as compared to non-coated ABS. Sol-gel and additive manufacture are important technologies to produce materials with applications in biological medium. Keywords: dip-coating, sol-gel, biomaterials IntroductionAdditive manufacture (AM, also known as rapid prototyping) assembles materials in the powder, filament, liquid, or slide form. The materials consist of successively stacked thin layers, resulting in a three-dimensional structure.AM uses computer-aided design (CAD) software to build a mould for the scaffold. The mould displays a branching network of shafts that will define the microchannels in the scaffold.1-5 The fusion deposition model (FDM) technique helps to structure the acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene polymer (ABS), a mobile extruder head deposits layers of molten material. The layer-by-layer building approach produces highly complex structures that would be impossible to achieve with technologies based on material subtraction, the most frequently employed procedure nowadays. AM has important applications in several areas, including the aircraft and automobile industries, telecommunications, and medicine. [6][7][8] The sol-gel route is a chemical process that involves formation of a sol, namely a colloidal suspension of particles or molecules with liquid character and measuring between 1 and 1000 nm. The sol later goes through a gel phase, which consists of a colloidal system with solid character. In the gel phase, the molecules form a dispersed, continuous, branched, and interpenetrated structure in a system that is usually liquid. After solvent evaporation, the gel phase becomes a solid material that can be either a xerogel, if the solvent is removed by simple evaporation, or an aerogel, if the solvent is removed above its critical temperature and pressure. 9-12The sol-gel process is widely employed to prepare glasses and oxides and to modify surfaces. Sol-gel encompasses hydrolysis and condensation of metal alkoxides or semi-metallic precursors under mild conditions, to generate a polymer network. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Alkoxides can form homogeneous sols in various solvents and in the p...

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Design and Fabrication of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds via Rapid Prototyping and CAD

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Solid Free-form Fabrication Technology and Its Application to Bone Tissue Engineering

Solid Free-form Fabrication Technology and Its Application to Bone Tissue Engineering

Influence of Negative Poisson′s Ratio on Stent Applications

Calcium Phosphate Coatings by Sol-Gel on Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene Substrate

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