Design and fabrication of AWG with large bandwidth applied in FBG interrogation system

Ji, Songkun; Li, Ké; Yuan, Peng; Sun, Greg; Lu, Lidan; Meng, Fanqi; Lu, Youxi; Zhu, Lianqing

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2021.107372

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The design of AWG follows the following equation [ 22 ]:

where n c is the effective refractive index, ∆ L is the difference between adjacent waveguide lengths, m is the diffraction orders, λ 0 is the central wavelength of the AWG, FSR is the free spectrum range of the AWG, n g is the refractive index of the AWG, ∆ λ is the adjacent channel spacing, ∆ x o is the adjacent output waveguide spacing, n s is the slab waveguide refractive index, d is the adjacent waveguide spacing, R is the Rowland circle diameter, and N is the number of output channels.…”

Section: Design and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLC-Based Arrayed Waveguide Grating Design for Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation System

Yuan

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogator is a scientific instrument that converts the wavelength change of FBG sensors into readable electrical signals. To achieve miniaturization and integration of FBG interrogator, we designed and fabricated a 36-channel array waveguide grating (AWG) on silica-based planar lightwave circuits (PLC) as a key device in a built FBG interrogation system. It is used to achieve continuous demodulation in C-band, while maintaining high resolution. This AWG has a 1.6 nm channel spacing, 3-dB bandwidth of 1.76 nm, non-adjacent channel crosstalk of −29.76 dB, and insertion loss of 3.46 dB. The dynamic range of the FBG interrogation system we built was tested to be 1522.4–1578.4 nm, with an interrogation resolution of 1 pm and accuracy of less than 1 pm in the dynamic range of 1523.16–1523.2 nm. The test results show that the FBG interrogation technology, based on AWG, can realize FBG wavelengths accurately demodulated, which has high application value in aerospace, deep sea exploration, and environmental monitoring, as well as other fields.

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“…The design of AWG follows the following equation [ 22 ]:

Section: Design and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLC-Based Arrayed Waveguide Grating Design for Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation System

Yuan

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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“…Integrated on-chip FBG demodulation systems have attracted great interest due to their compact structure, low power consumption, and excellent performance 7,8 . An arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is considered to be a promising structure for the demodulation of FBGs 9,10,11 , and to date, several relevant studies have been reported 12,13,14,15,16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Precision Continuous FBG Interrogator based on an AWG

Yao,

Jiao

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Although arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) are widely used in fibre Bragg grating (FBG) demodulation systems, their applications in real environments have been limited due to their narrow dynamic range and inability to continuously demodulate FBGs because of the finite bandwidth of AWG channels. Here, we developed a wide-dynamic-range, high-precision, continuous-demodulation FBG interrogator utilizing a dual-input channel on-chip silicon AWG. The introduction of two input channels in the AWG allowed two spectral peaks in each channel; therefore, staggered spectral peaks were realized. A joint-peak demodulation method based on this spectrum is proposed to improve the dynamic range and demodulation precision. With the proposed structure and method, we achieved continuous interrogation with a demodulation precision of 25.58 pm and a dynamic range of 24.5 nm in the 1537.5-1565.3 nm wavelength region. The relative demodulation accuracy within the full range reaches 0.1%. The dynamic range of adjacent channels is 5.4 nm, which is approximately 4 times greater than the dynamic range of an FBG conventional demodulation system using an AWG, and the relative demodulation accuracy is 0.47%. To our knowledge, the relative demodulation accuracy is currently the highest reported. This developed interrogator, with a core size of 420 µm × 300 µm, theoretically explained and experimentally verified the possibility of the accurate measurement of an arbitrary FBG wavelength with high demodulation accuracy in the measurement range. This work achieved continuous monitoring of external temperature by FBGs and demonstrated their significant potential in expanding the application field of FBGs.

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“…Arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is generally used as the core optical splitter in the demodulation system based on PIC technology. There are several key parameters of AWG in the optical structure design stage, including diffraction order, number of arrayed waveguides, length of free propagation region, spacing of waveguides, and others [ 4 ]. In addition, performance parameters such as crosstalk, insertion loss, and loss uniformity also need to be considered when further optimizing [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of High-Precision Parallel AWG Demodulation System

Jiao,

Lin,

Yao

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Here, we present a high-precision demodulation method that supports the arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) system, which includes a 1 × 8 AWG as the primary filter with a 0.5 nm channel spacing and a 1 × 4 AWG as the auxiliary filter with a 1 nm channel spacing. The high precision is achieved through an innovative method of decoupling three channels, involving two adjacent channels of the primary filter and one channel of the secondary auxiliary filter. Simulation results show that the AWGs have a good transmission spectrum with crosstalk below −24.8 dB, non-uniformities below 0.8 dB, insertion loss below −3.7 dB, 3 dB bandwidth of 0.25 nm, and 10 dB bandwidth of 0.43 nm. The interrogation precision can reach 8 pm, with a dynamic range of 0.4 nm, corresponding to a single FBG.

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Design and fabrication of AWG with large bandwidth applied in FBG interrogation system

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

PLC-Based Arrayed Waveguide Grating Design for Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation System

PLC-Based Arrayed Waveguide Grating Design for Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation System

High-Precision Continuous FBG Interrogator based on an AWG

Design of High-Precision Parallel AWG Demodulation System

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