Target tracking is a key task for maintenance of maritime rights and interests in the coastal countries, which mainly depends on the cruises of large official ships, and their deficiencies are high cost and less stealth. USVs(Unmanned Surface Vehicles) have been gradually employed in maritime ISR(Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance) due to autonomy, safety and flexibility. In this paper, a target tracking algorithm for USV's vision is proposed, which considers motion features of the USV, such as velocity, pitch and heading. Firstly, a CM(Centroid Matching) method for the target detection is proposed based on FT(Frequency-Tuned) saliency method, which can remove environment disturbances. Secondly, a fDSST(fast Discriminative Scale Space Tracker) is improved for target tracking by considering motion information of the USV from aboard GPS and IMU(Inertial Measurement Unit), where the learning rates of the correlation filters are adjusted adaptively according to variety of the velocity, pitch and heading of the USV. Lastly, the modified target detection and tracking are integrated to acquire a robust tracking result. Based on our USV called as 'Jiuhang 490', sea tracking trials for rubber boat in four encountering scenes are executed at Nanjiang port in Qingdao city, China in July 2018. The favorable performance of the proposed algorithm is quantitatively validated comparing to the original fDSST algorithm in the accuracy of position, scale of the target and the tracking speed.
INDEX TERMSTarget tracking, vision tracking, unmanned surface vehicle, target detection JIUCAI JIN received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in physics from Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China, in 2001 and 2005 respectively, and Ph.D. degree in physical oceanography from Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 2011. He is currently an associate researcher at First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources. His research interests include autonomous control, obstacle avoidance, target detection and tracking, development for Unmanned Surface Vehicle, and applications of USV. JIE ZHANG received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Inner Mongolia University, China, in 1984 and 1987 respectively, and then stayed in this university as a lecturer until 1990. Then he received his Ph.D. degree in Tsinghua University, China. He is now a researcher of the First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources. His research interests include surveillance technology and equipment for maritime targets, research and development of autonomous satellite remote sensing technology, coastal high-resolution remote sensing technology and application.