Design and Evaluation of State and Disturbance Observers for a Multivariable Magnetic Levitation System

Design, Optimization, and Control of a Linear Tubular Machine Integrated with Levitation and Guidance for Maglev Applications

“…Among suspension technologies used in maglev trains, the suspension system is inherently unstable in electromagnetic suspension (EMS) technology due to the nonlinear dynamic model. Therefore, the control of levitation force is necessary for this technology [1,11]. Even though, so far, different control techniques have been used to control the levitation force of the maglev trains.…”

“…Indeed, usual suspension structures are used for mathematical modeling and control, while the design and geometry of the suspension structure N are not considered. Another problem of classical magnetic trains, which use separated systems for suspension and guidance, is the electromagnetic coupling effect of the levitation and guidance systems (of these two separated systems) which leads to the control disturbance of both systems and the complexity of the control process [11][12][13]. This paper presents a new magnetic train topology with integrated suspension and guidance and a complementary propulsion system.…”