Design and evaluation of psychometric properties of cigarette smoking tendency questionnaire for female adolescents (CTQFA)

Abstract

Background The tendency of women to smoke has increased in recent years and the prevalence of smoking among women is increasing. The purpose of this study was to design and evaluation the psychometric properties of the smoking tendency questionnaire for Iranian female adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 604 female adolescents in Iran in 2021. The bank of questions was designed based on the qualitative study concepts and review of the literature. To perform the psychometric evaluation, steps such as face validity (qualitative), content validity (qualitative and quantitative) and construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis) were performed. The reliability of the instrument was assessed using McDonald’s omega coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results Based on the results of psychometrics (face, content, and construct validity), the number of questions was reduced from 102 to 52, and 50 questions were removed. Finally, a questionnaire with 52 questions and 5 subscales of the tendency to experience smoking (14 items), re-experience smoking (8 items), cigarette dependence (9 items), intention to quit smoking (9 items), and smoking cessation (12 items) was approved. The content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) for all questions were 0.770 and 0.938, respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients for all questions were 0.903 and 0.904, respectively. Conclusion Based on the results of this questionnaire, 52 questions, and 5 subscales can be used to assess the tendency of female adolescents to cigarette smoking.

Gene Expression Data Analysis In Response to Nicotine Exposure: a Literature Study Revealing Differentially Expressed Genes In Biological Pathways

“…Smoking is a major contributor to preventable deaths caused by non-communicable diseases (Jafari et al, 2021). Cigarettes represent the most popular form of tobacco product, accounting for approximately 80% of all tobacco products in use.…”

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that tobacco use results in one in ten deaths globally, totaling 7 million deaths annually. If the current global tobacco consumption trend persists, it is estimated that by 2030, there will be 8 million tobacco-related deaths each year (Jafari et al, 2021). Among 159 countries with a population of over 1 million, the prevalence of tobacco use among males aged 15 and older has significantly increased in 20 countries over the past three decades, including Indonesia.…”