Design and economics of RO seawater desalination

Malek, Abdul; Hawlader, Mohammad Nurul Alam; Ho, J.C.

doi:10.1016/0011-9164(96)00081-1

Cited by 183 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For optimization purpose, Malek and Hawlader developed a cost evaluation method for multi-staged hollow fiber membrane configurations, which combined a top-down statistical approach for pretreatment, maintenance, labor costs and a bottom-up evaluation for RO process investment costs and power cost [15]. Several papers used this method for the cost optimization of hollow fiber membrane configurations [15,19,21]. However this evaluation was specific of the hollow fiber permeator and was furthermore based on statistics from 1996.…”

Section: Technical Performancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Van der Meer et al [14] modeled multi-stages spiral-wound membrane PV configurations for permeate production increase. Malek et al [15] analyzed the costs of one-stage and two-stages hollow fiber RO processes. These studies were however limited to a parametric analysis on predefined RO process configurations without using a systematic design method.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for k = 2 … n e (15) for k = 2 … n e (16) with J w k the permeate mass flux through the membrane k in kg m −2 s −1 , the feedwater and concentrate mass salts concentration of the membrane k, the feedwater and concentrate pressure of the membrane k in Pa.…”

Section: Pressure Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The direct capital cost is the sum of the cost for plant equipments (CC equip ) and the cost for site development (CC site ), which is set at 10% of (CC equip ) [15]. The indirect capital cost (ICC) is set at 27% of the direct capital cost (DCC) [15]. with i the interest rate set at 5%, n LT,plant the plant lifetime set at 25 years.…”

Section: Capital Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The capital cost for intake pumping and pretreatment (CC SWIP ), for the high pressure pumps (CC HP ) and for the pressure exchangers (CC PX ) are estimated using the cost models from Malek [15]. The piping investment cost (CC pipes ) is estimated using the pipe cost model from Chauvel [38].…”

Section: Capital Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Multi-objective optimization of RO desalination plants

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A process optimization method has been developed for the design of reverse osmosis (RO) processes. RO process configurations are systematically generated using a flexible superstructure and evaluated by economical (investment and operating costs), technical (energy requirement, water recovery rate) and environmental performance indicators (Life Cycle Assessment). The simultaneous optimization of the RO process layout and operating conditions constitutes a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem, which is solved using a multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach. The MOO identifies the best technological alternatives for the set of selected objectives. In a given context, it allows to define a set of optimal solutions representing the trade-off between conflicting objectives such as economical costs and environmental impacts. As a case study, the methodology is applied on a brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO) desalination project, for which the optimal design is characterized depending on the economical conditions.

show abstract

Section: Technical Performancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pressure Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Capital Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Capital Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Multi-objective optimization of RO desalination plants

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Polymer Filtration Membranes

Asatekin

Mayes

2009

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer filtration membranes have been a focus of research since the late eighteenth century and became a thriving industry in the twentieth century. Today, membranes are used in commercial applications spanning from drinking water purification to gas separations, with a market that is expected to grow to more than $10 billion by 2010. This article describes the materials and morphologies commonly found in today's commercial membranes, along with their methods of manufacture. Membranes classified according to retentate size as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, or reverse osmosis are introduced, along with ion exchange and gas separation membranes. The primary mechanisms by which these different membranes achieve separation during filtration are described, as well as example applications. Permeability, molecular weight cutoff, and rejection/retention are introduced as metrics for membrane performance comparisons. Membrane fouling is discussed as a chief obstacle to the more widespread use of membranes in wastewater treatment and other applications involving high concentrations of organics in the feed stream. Mechanisms of membrane fouling are described along with approaches commonly employed to limit fouling, including membrane surface modification, process optimization, and pretreatment of the feed. The future outlook of the polymer filtration membrane industry is touched upon in the context of increasing demand for fresh water and continuing improvements in membrane performance anticipated by research advances.

show abstract