Design and development of annatto (Bixa orellana L.) seed separator machine

Math, R. G.; G, Ramesh; Nagender, A.; Satyanarayana, A.

doi:10.1007/s13197-015-2019-5

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…This agreed with the findings of Atiku, Aviara, and Haque () who reported that the percentage seed damage of Bambara groundnut increased with increased moisture content to a maximum value. This implies that moisture content has significant effect on dehulling process, which supports the findings of Ndukwu and Asoegwu (), Pradhan et al (), Gitau et al (), Atiku et al (), Sobowale, Adebiyi, and Adebo () and Math et al ().…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…At higher moisture content levels, moringa seeds are supple, which makes it difficult to dehull. This was consistent with the observations ofOluwole, Abdulrahim, and Olalere (2007) on bambara groundnut shelling where the highest shelling efficiency was obtained at the lowest moisture content,Pradhan et al (2010) on jatropha dehulling where a decreasing trend in dehulling efficiency with increased moisture content was observed,Gitau, Mboya, Njoroge, and Mburu (2013), which reported that shelling efficiency increased with decrease in moisture content for all the groundnut varieties studied, andMath, Ramesh, Nagender, and Satyanarayana (2016), which observed decreased dehulling efficiency as moisture content of annatto pod increased. At lower moisture content, there was comparatively high recovery of fully dehulled whole seeds.…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

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Size characterization of moringa (Moringa oleifera) seeds and optimization of the dehulling process

Fakayode

Akpan

Ojoawo

2019

J Food Process Engineering

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The size of moringa seeds was characterized, and the dehulling process parameters were optimized. The effects of moisture content, feed rate, operational speed, and beater‐drum clearance on dehulling efficiency were studied. A 4 × 5 central composite rotatable design was employed, and multiple linear regression was utilized for analyzing data at 5% significant level. Experimental results were used to validate predicted optimum conditions. Processing parameters were related to dehulling efficiency using developed mathematical models. Maximum dehulling efficiencies of 81.14, 85.66, and 96.03% were obtained for the small, medium, and big sizes respectively. The moringa seed size and other processing factors were found to have significant effect on the dehulling efficiency. Predicted optimum values of 83.62, 88.18, and 99.69% for small‐, medium‐, and big‐sized categories, respectively, were obtained at 9.38%wet basis moisture content, 1.35 kg/min feed rate, 844.61 rpm dehulling speed, and 6.38 mm beater‐drum clearance. The experimental values were 84.33, 88.97, and 99.76% for small‐, medium‐, and big‐sized categories, respectively, under the optimal conditions. Variations between values obtained experimentally and predicted were negligible and statistically insignificant; therefore, the selected models were adjudged to adequately predict the dehulling efficiencies for all the size categories. Practical Applications Despite the benefits derived from moringa seeds, dehulling of the seeds has been a tedious operation. Considering this, a moringa dehuller was developed, and the performance was evaluated. However, for an efficient system, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms of the various important factors influencing the dehulling process and their interactions. The approach of considering one factor per time consumes time and is unrealistic to obtain the right optimal conditions; making it impractical to optimize the dehulling process using such approach. Considering this, RSM was employed to optimize the moringa dehulling process parameters. Mathematical models were developed to predict responses during the dehulling process using RSM. For efficient machine performance, the seeds were graded into various sizes and the effects of moisture content, feed rate, operational speed, and beater‐drum clearance on the dehulling efficiency were investigated and optimized. Results obtained in the study would be useful to moringa seed processors.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

supporting

confidence: 91%

Size characterization of moringa (Moringa oleifera) seeds and optimization of the dehulling process

Fakayode

Akpan

Ojoawo

2019

J Food Process Engineering

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“…The pulping efficiency of the experimental bench device was similar to that found in a prototype for extraction of Bixa orellana L. pulp that was developed by Math et al (2016), which had efficiency of 92.3%. A device built by Sharma, Pradhan, Naik, Bhatnagar and Singh, (2013), for pulping Aleurits fordii had efficiency of 74.6%.…”

Section: Results Of Performance Evaluation Of the Machinesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…For example: Jarimopas and Ruttanadat (2007), developed a prototype for trimming green coconut (Cocos nucifera) shells, and Raji and Olofin, (2011), designed and fabricated a device to extract proteins from pumpkin (Telfairia occidentals) leaves for human consumption in African communities. In addition, Owolarafe, Adetan, Olatunde, Ajayi, and Okoh (2013), developed and evaluated a process to peel carob (Parkia biglobosa); Obayopo, Taiwo, Owolarafe, and Adio (2014), designed a compact device to slice banana (Musa paradisiaca L.); and Math, Ramesh, Nagender, and Satyanarayana (2016), designed, fabricated, and evaluated a bench device to extract urucum (Bixa orellana L.) pulp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Device to Pulping Fruits of Bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeate sp.): Intended for the Communities that Practice Sustainable Agriculture or Strativism

Chuba¹,

Silva²,

Santos³

et al. 2019

JAS

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Bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata) fruit pulp has high potential for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications and in the biofuel industry, however, the main hindrance for these applications is the availability of pulp in sufficient quantity. The pulp of this fruit is usually supplied by rural communities where the processors use manual pulping, which is not only time-consuming but yields product of low quality. Therefore, the objective of this work was to design, fabricate and evaluate the efficiency of an experimental bench device for pulping bocaiuva fruits. The bench device was designed to be compact and easy to operate, consisting of three units (processing, secondary, and peripheral) with intermittent operation and pulping performed by shearing. The performance evaluation of the machine was carried out with fruit dehydrated at 70 ºC and different times of dehydration (6, 12 and 24 hours). The pulp weight was evaluated every 15 seconds during the pulping process period (150 seconds). The highest pulping efficiency (96%) was obtained with fruits that were dehydrated for 24 hours, with a 120-second pulping, which resulted in a production rate of 5.5 kg h-1 This high efficiency makes this mechanized prototype effective for pulping bocaiuva fruits and, thus, it can replace manual pulping, especially in rural communities involved with the bocaiuva production chain.

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“…Therefore, four concave clearances such as 10, 13, 16, and 19 mm have chosen to evaluate maximum efficiency. Equations 1–8 were used to determine various dimensions for different components of the seed decorticator (Atiku et al, ; Fadele & Aremu, ; Ishola et al, ; Math et al, ; Oluwole et al, ; Raghtate & Handa, ; Sobowale et al, ).

V = \frac{1}{3 π r^{2} h}

P = 2 π N T

M_{c} = \frac{P}{12} \times (|, \frac{l^{2} {\times r}^{2}}{\sqrt{{normall}^{2} {+ r}^{2}}})

M_{R} = \frac{1}{6} \times f \times t^{2} \times \sqrt{{normall}^{2} + r^{2}}

M = \frac{W \times normall}{8}

T_{e} = {true(M^{2} + T^{2} true)}^{1 / 2}

…”

Section: Materials and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication, performance evaluation and optimization of Sal (shorea robusta) seed decorticator

Kumar

Pradhan

Mishra

2016

J Food Process Engineering

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Sal (Shorea robusta) seed is a nontimber forest product, mainly processed for its oil. This oil is used in various food and nonfood industries. Prior to extraction of oil, sal seeds are manually broken to obtain sal kernel. This traditional manual de-shelling process is very tedious, time consuming and unhygienic. Hence, in this research, a sal seed decorticator was designed, fabricated and its performance was evaluated. The performance parameters of the machine were tested with varying moisture content from 10.49% to 21.95% (d.b) and different concave clearance varying from 10 mm to 19 mm. The decorticating efficiency, machine efficiency, and kernel percentage were

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Design and development of annatto (Bixa orellana L.) seed separator machine

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Size characterization of moringa (Moringa oleifera) seeds and optimization of the dehulling process

Size characterization of moringa (Moringa oleifera) seeds and optimization of the dehulling process

Development of a Device to Pulping Fruits of Bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeate sp.): Intended for the Communities that Practice Sustainable Agriculture or Strativism

Fabrication, performance evaluation and optimization of Sal (shorea robusta) seed decorticator

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