Design and construction of an electrochemical sensor for the determination of cerium(iii) ions in petroleum water samples based on a Schiff base-carbon nanotube as an ionophore

Abstract

A carbon paste and screen-printed sensor for Ce(iii)-selective determination were prepared using a 2,6-pyridine dicarbomethine-triethylene tetraamine macrocyclic Schiff base ligand and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as good sensing materials.

A simple, sensitive, and selective colorimetric chemosensor for sequential determination of dual analytes, Ce3+, H2PO4−, and its applications in the logic gate construction and the system of keypad lock

“…Also, the detection limit of this method is lower or at least comparable to the previous methods. Another important point is to perform this method in an aqueous media because CAL or CAL‐Ce 3+ can be completely dissolved in water [2–5, 10–12, 14, 43–45]. (Tables 4 and 5).…”

“…So the level of cerium in soil particles, human and animal bodies, as well as water ecosystems is constantly growing. Therefore, considering the wide applications as well as many environmental/biological impacts, its detetion and analysis have been in the center of attention in analytical and environmental chemistry [1][2][3][4][5]. Recently, Several methods have been presented to identify and measure cerium, such as neutron activation analysis (NAA) [6], X-ray fluorescence spectrometry [7], inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) [2], electrochemical sensors [3,5], spectrofluorimetry [8], etc.…”

Ion-Selective All-Solid-State Printed Sensors: A Systematic Review

“…Tamer Awad Ali et al exploited a macrocyclic membrane based on Schiff 2,6-pyridine dicarbometrine-triethylene tetramine (PDCTETA), an ionophore and ligand used to stabilize PVC against photodegradation by UV radiation, but also to improve polymethylmethacrylate from degradation and to prevent photodegradation of polystyrene. An idea that may be useful in improving the performance of the sensor and especially the membrane itself [56]. This material is poorly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents; it is antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antipyretic.…”

“…A limitation of this approach can be operator dependency, this appear not to be a problem since in all the paper evaluated simple geometries with millimetric dimensions are used for the WEs, making manual drop-casting sufficiently precise for the functionalization. However, to improve the repeatability and the accuracy of electrodes covering with the membranes alternative techniques are starting to be investigated, including direct screen printing [42], [44], [56], [58] or inkjet printing [60] of the membrane alone or mixed with the ink for electrodes or interface layer. Direct printing of ISM represents a really promising approach to be better investigated in future works in particular exploiting non-contact techniques (e.g.…”

“…Focusing on printed ASS-ISEs, the main design parameters that can affect sensitivity are: electrical or electrochemical properties of the printed interface layer and chemical composition of the membrane mix or ink in those cases in which it is directly screen printed [42], [44], [56] or inkjetprinted [60]. Regarding the interface layer, it can be appreciated from Table 3 that the sensitivity nearest to the theoretical value can be obtained only by exploiting nanostructures, in particular multi-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in a polymeric matrix [53], or conductive polymers, as in particular PEDOT:PSS alone [38] or in combination with other polymers [57].…”