Design and Construction of a Rapid Milk Chiller Using Cold Energy Storage System in the Context of Bangladesh

Abstract

Milk is a highly sensitive product that must be collected and cooled within a few hours to reduce losses due to chemical spoilage and to preserve quality. As milk production is often remote from markets and processing facilities, milk chillers using thermal energy storage (TES) units provide the means for preserving quality through chilling during a power cut and hygienic storage before onward transportation to processing facilities and operation of the chiller at maximum thermal efficiency. This study gives an overview of thermal energy storage (TES) base rapid milk chiller. A review of TES for cold storage applications utilizing solid-liquid phase change materials has been done. Various perspectives were focused on the different stages of the work: phase change materials (PCMs), exemplification, improvement in exchange of heat, and the impact of the whole process on the quality of the milk Materials used as potential PCMs by specialists at low temperatures (less than 4 °C) are condensed and a portion of their thermo-physical properties are accounted for. The concept of planning and measuring procedures based on the determined load profile for structure day is introduced. In this design of a milk chilling unit using thermal energy storage, two cycles have been combined to get the desired cooling temperature. One is the vapor compression cycle, which can also be called the ice storage cycle. Another one is the milk chilling cycle. The main purpose of the milk chilling cycle is to keep the milk temperature between 2°C to 4°C. The comparison of using cold water with ethylene glycol (PCM) as a storage source of refrigeration for the milk cooling process based on the compressor capacity, ice storage box volume, and power consumed at the variable of cooling load is presented. Also, the effect of using cold storage to reduce the refrigeration capacity and energy saving is presented. The time duration of the milk chiller’s capacity to keep a specific amount (20 liters) of milk cool has been calculated to determine the variance and efficiency of the system compared to other milk chilling processes. Some suggestions concerning the planning of milk chiller hardware are given. Unique consideration was paid to the examination of explicit highlights of heat transfer phenomena in ice storage boxes including the appraisal of the length and the rate of ice arrangement and dissolution. The approach of estimating parts of the ice storage capacity framework incorporated into the milk chilling framework arranged in hot, wet, and dry atmospheres is exhibited. In light of the hourly cooling burden figuring that was completed utilizing Carrier’s Hourly Analysis Program, estimating the ice thermal capacity framework for various working procedures including full, chiller priority, and ice priority storage tasks for the design are displayed. At last, an examination of some operational qualities of the framework is broken down.