Design and construction of a new detector to measure ultra-low radioactive-isotope contamination of argon

Aalseth, Craig E.; Abdelhakim, S.; Acerbi, Fabio; Agnes, P.; Ajaj, Rahaf; Albuquerque, I. F. M.; Alexander, T.; Alici, A.; Alton, A.; Amaudruz, P.; Ameli, F.; Anstey, James; Antonioli, P.; Arba, M.; Arcelli, S.; Ardito, Raffaele; Arnquist, I. J.; Arpaïa, Pasquale; Asner, D. M.; Asunskis, A.; Ave, M.; Back, H. O.; Olmedo, A. Barrado; Batignani, G.; Bisogni, Maria Giuseppina; Bocci, V.; Bondar, A.; Bonfini, G.; Bonivento, W.; Borisova, E.; Bottino, B.; Boulay, M. G.; Bunker, R.; Bussino, S.; Buzulutskov, A.; Cadeddu, M.; Cadoni, Mariano; Caminata, A.; Canci, N.; Candela, A.; Cantini, C.; Caravati, M.; Cariello, M.; Carnesecchi, F.; Carpinelli, M.; Castellani, A.; Castello, Paolo; Catalanotti, S.; Cataudella, V.; Cavalcante, P.; Cavazza, D.; Cavuoti, S.; Cebrián, S.; Ruiz, J. M. Cela; Celano, B.; Cereseto, R.; Cheng, W.; Chepurnov, A.; Cicalò, C.; Cifarelli, L.; Citterio, M.; Cocco, A. G.; Cocco, V.; Colocci, M.; Consiglio, L.; Cossio, F.; Covone, G.; Crivelli, P.; D’Antone, I.; D’Incecco, M.; D’Urso, D.; Rolo, M.; Dadoun, O.; Daniel, M. K.; Davini, S.; Candia, A. de; Cecco, S. De; Deo, M. De; Falco, A. De; Filippis, G. De; Gruttola, D. De; Guido, Giorgia De; Rosa, G. De; Dellacasa, G.; Demontis, Pierfranco; DePaquale, S.; Derbin, A.; Devoto, A.; Eusanio, F. Di; Noto, L. Di; Pietro, G. Di; Stéfano, P. Di; Dionisi, C.; Dolganov, G.; Dordei, F.; Downing, M.; Edalatfar, F.; Empl, A.; Diaz, M. Fernandez; Ferri, Alessandro; Filip, Claudiu; Fiorillo, G.; Fomenko, K.; Franceschi, A.; Franco, D.; Froudakis, George E.; Gabriele, F.; Gabrieli, Andrea; Galbiati, C.; Abia, P. García; Gascon, D.; Gendotti, A.; Ghiano, C.; Ghisi, Aldo; Giagu, S.; Giampa, P.; Giampaolo, R. A.; Giganti, C.; Giorgi, M. A.; Giovanetti, G. K.; Gligan, M. L.; Gola, A.; Gorchakov, O.E.; Grab, M.; Diaz, R. Graciani; Granato, F.; Grassi, M.; Grate, Jay W.; Grigoriev, G. Y.; Grobov, A.; Gromov, M.; Guan, Mengyun; Guerra, Marcelo Braga Bueno; Guerzoni, M.; Gulino, M.; Haaland, R. K.; Hackett, B. R.; Hallin, A. L.; Harrop, B.; Hoppe, E. W.; Horikawa, S.; Hosseini, B.; Hubaut, F.; Humble, P.; Hungerford, E.; Ianni, An.; Ilyasov, A.; Ippolito, V.; Jillings, C.; Keeter, K. J.; Kendziora, C. L.; Kim, S.; Kochanek, I.; Kondo, Kazuhiro; Köpp, G.; Korablëv, D.; Korga, G.; Kubankin, A. S.; Kugathasan, R.; Kuss, M.; Kuźniak, M.; Commara, M. La; Delfa, L. La; Laí, M.; Langrock, S.; Lebois, M.; Lehnert, B.; Levashko, N.; Li, X.; Liqiang, Q.; Lissia, M.; Lodi, Gabriele; Longo, Giuseppe; Manzano, Rodrigo López; Lussana, Rudi; Luzzi, L.; Machado, A. A.; Machulin, I.; Mandarano, A.; Mapelli, L.; Marcante, M.; Margotti, A.; Mari, Stefano Maria; Mariani, Mario; Maricic, J.; Marinelli, M.; Marras, D.; Martínez, M. Lucio; Morales, J.; Martinez, M.; Martoff, C. J.; Mascia, Michele; Mason, James Paul; Masoni, A.; Mazzi, A.; McDonald, A. B.; Messina, A.; Meyers, P. D.; Miletic, T.; Milinčić, R.; Moggi, A.; Moioli, Stefania; Monroe, J.; Morrocchi, M.; Mróz, Tomasz; Mu, Wei; Muratova, V.; Murphy, S.; Muscas, Carlo; Musico, P.; Nania, R.; Napolitano, T.; Agasson, A. Navrer; Nessi, M.; Nikulin, Ilya; Oleinik, A.; Oleynikov, V.; Orsini, M.; Ortica, F.; Pagani, L.; Pallavicini, M.; Palmas, Simonetta; Pandola, L.; Pantic, E.; Paoloni, E.; Paternoster, G.; Pavletcov, V.; Pazzona, Federico G.; Peeters, S. J. M.; Pegoraro, P. A.; Pelczar, K.; Pellegrini, Laura; Pellegrino, C.; Pelliccia, N.; Perotti, F.; Pesudo, V.; Picciau, E.; Piemonte, C.; Pietropaolo, F.; Pocar, A.; Pollman, Terrill; Portaluppi, Davide; Poudel, S. S.; Pralavorio, P.; Price, D.; Radics, B.; Raffaelli, F.; Ragusa, F.; Razeti, M.; Razeto, A.; Regazzoni, V.; Regenfus, C.; Renshaw, A.; Rescia, S.; Rescigno, M.; Retière, F.; Rignanese, L. P.; Rivetti, A.; Romani, A.; Romero, L.; Rossi, N.; Rubbia, A.; Sablone, D.; Sala, P.; Salatino, Piero; Samoylov, O.; García, E.; Sanfilippo, Simone; Sant, Marco; Santone, D.; Santorelli, R.; Savarese, C.; Scapparone, E.; Schlitzer, B.; Scioli, G.; Segreto, E.; Seifert, Allen; Semenov, D.; Shchagin, A. V.; Sheshukov, A.; Siddhanta, S.; Simeone, M.; Singh, Prabhjot; Skensved, P.; Skorokhvatov, M.; Smirnov, O.; Sobrero, G.; Sokolov, A.; Sotnikov, A.; Stainforth, R.; Steri, A.; Stracka, S.; Strickland, V.; Suffritti, G.B.; Sulis, Sara; Suvorov, Y.; Szelc, A. M.; Tartaglia, R.; Testera, G.; Thorpe, T.; Tonazzo, A.; Tosi, Alberto; Tuveri, Matteo; Unzhakov, E.; Usai, G. L.; Vacca, Annalisa; Vázquez‐Jáuregui, E.; Verducci, M.; Viant, T.; Viel, S.; Villa, Federica; Vishneva, A.; Vogelaar, R. B.; Wada, M.; Wahl, Jon H.; Walding, J.; Wang, H.; Wang, Y.; Westerdale, S.; Wheadon, R.; Williams, R.; Wilson, J. S.; Wójcik, Marcin; Wojcik, Mariusz; Wu, S.; Xiao, Xiang; Yang, Changgen; Ye, Z.; Zuffa, M.; Zuzel, G.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/15/02/p02024

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Nextgeneration detectors, such as DARWIN, will be able to probe orders of magnitude more parameter space in both cases. Argon-based detectors, such as DarkSide-50 [83], DarkSide-20K [84], and Argo [85], will give rise to similar constraints for comparable exposures and detector thresholds; we leave these calculations to future work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption of fermionic dark matter by nuclear targets

Dror

Elor

McGehee

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Absorption of fermionic dark matter leads to a range of distinct and novel signatures at dark matter direct detection and neutrino experiments. We study the possible signals from fermionic absorption by nuclear targets, which we divide into two classes of four Fermi operators: neutral and charged current. In the neutral current signal, dark matter is absorbed by a target nucleus and a neutrino is emitted. This results in a characteristically different nuclear recoil energy spectrum from that of elastic scattering. The charged current channel leads to induced β decays in isotopes which are stable in vacuum as well as shifts of the kinematic endpoint of β spectra in unstable isotopes. To confirm the possibility of observing these signals in light of other constraints, we introduce UV completions of example higher dimensional operators that lead to fermionic absorption signals and study their phenomenology. Most prominently, dark matter which exhibits fermionic absorption signals is necessarily unstable leading to stringent bounds from indirect detection searches. Nevertheless, we find a large viable parameter space in which dark matter is sufficiently long lived and detectable in current and future experiments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption of fermionic dark matter by nuclear targets

Dror

Elor

McGehee

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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“…LAr and LXe experiments are real technological and economic drivers for 3D PDCs due to their large scale (nEXO, DUNE, ARGO) [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. As many functionalities are similar for LXe and LAr experiments, one could design a 3D PDC based on the same CMOS process, 3D integration approach and SPAD array that would support the various experiments worldwide.…”

Section: Perspective Of 3d Pdc For Radiation Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To build large-scale detectors, the 3D PDCs need to be assembled into tiles, grouped units of 10

to 100

[ 14 , 66 ]. The tiles must efficiently pave the detector to maximize the photosensitive area, provide on-site signal conditioning and send data to the external data acquisition system.…”

Section: Perspective Of 3d Pdc For Radiation Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focus on radiation instrumentation in this paper sets the wavelength range of interest to ~500 nm and below. This covers the range of scintillation photons currently used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging (LaBr 3 : 360 nm and 380 nm; LSO 420 nm; BGO 505 nm) [ 3 , 4 ], Cherenkov radiation [ 5 , 6 ] for future PET with time-of-flight capability [ 7 ] as well as for Cherenkov telescope arrays (CTAs) [ 8 ] where the emission spectrum follows a

dependence [ 5 , 9 ], large-scale liquid xenon (LXe) detectors ( 175 nm) [ 10 , 11 ] and liquid argon (LAr) detectors (128 nm) without wavelength shifter (~420 nm with wavelength shifter) [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], only to name a few [ 16 , 17 ]. Therefore, the discussion does not relate to wavelengths in the infrared that are nevertheless a very hot topic for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) using CMOS single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays for autonomous vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works

Pratte

Nolet

Parent

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Analog and digital SiPMs have revolutionized the field of radiation instrumentation by replacing both avalanche photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes in many applications. However, multiple applications require greater performance than the current SiPMs are capable of, for example timing resolution for time-of-flight positron emission tomography and time-of-flight computed tomography, and mitigation of the large output capacitance of SiPM array for large-scale time projection chambers for liquid argon and liquid xenon experiments. In this contribution, the case will be made that 3D photon-to-digital converters, also known as 3D digital SiPMs, have a potentially superior performance over analog and 2D digital SiPMs. A review of 3D photon-to-digital converters is presented along with various applications where they can make a difference, such as time-of-flight medical imaging systems and low-background experiments in noble liquids. Finally, a review of the key design choices that must be made to obtain an optimized 3D photon-to-digital converter for radiation instrumentation, more specifically the single-photon avalanche diode array, the CMOS technology, the quenching circuit, the time-to-digital converter, the digital signal processing and the system level integration, are discussed in detail.

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“…All of these qualities allow SiPMs to directly compete with or surpass the performance of conventional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). A variety of rare-event experiments, such as those searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay [1][2][3] or direct detection of dark matter [4,5] employ SiPMs for tracking and calorimetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the light collection efficiency of silicon photomultipliers through the use of metalenses

et al. 2020

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A : Metalenses are optical devices that implement nanostructures as phase shifters to focus incident light. Their compactness and simple fabrication make them a potential cost-effective solution for increasing light collection efficiency in particle detectors with limited photosensitive area coverage. Here we report on the characterization and performance of metalenses in increasing the light collection efficiency of silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) of various sizes using an LED of 630 nm, and find a six to seven-fold increase in signal for a 1.3 × 1.3 mm 2 SiPM when coupled with a 10-mm-diameter metalens manufactured using deep ultraviolet stepper lithography. Such improvements could be valuable for future generations of particle detectors, particularly those employed in rare-event searches such as dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay.

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Design and construction of a new detector to measure ultra-low radioactive-isotope contamination of argon

Abstract: Design and construction of a new detector to measure ultra low radioactiveisotope contamination of argon Article (Accepted Version) http://sro.sussex.ac.uk

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Absorption of fermionic dark matter by nuclear targets

Absorption of fermionic dark matter by nuclear targets

3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works

Improving the light collection efficiency of silicon photomultipliers through the use of metalenses

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