Design and Comparative Study Among Antennas of GCS for Telemetry Communication System of UAV

Abstract

Recently, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) becomes a popular and interesting technology for researchers and academics because it has high potential to be implemented in various fields. The UAV operation is managed by a Ground Control Station (GCS) on which requires a communication system to send control signals and acquire data collected by sensors on UAV. The longer the UAV's flying distance needs a higher transmission power budget that can be achieved by increasing transmitter power, increasing receiver sensitivity, or increasing antenna gain. However, the design of communications systems on a flying platform is limited by the following constraints. The transmitter, receiver, and antenna must be compact, lightweight, and energy-efficient to save battery on the vehicle. Although the antenna does not directly influence the energy consumption from the battery, an increase in antenna gain usually requires an increase of the antenna dimension that causes higher weight and or reduces the aerodynamics. Therefore, the most efficient way to increase the link budget is by modifying the antenna on the GCS. This paper describes the analysis of antennas commonly used in GCSs for UAV communication links, namely the Yagi-Uda, bi-quad, and double bi-quad antennas. The antenna is designed to work at a frequency of 433.5 MHz following the transceiver device used. The antenna designs are numerically simulated then fabricated for evaluating their performance. The testing is done on the following issues, i.e. the antenna's basic parameters measurement, the ground-to-ground transmission test, and the ground to air transmission test. The test results show that the double bi-quad gives better performance than the other two other testing antennas.

Rancang Bangun Antena Double Biquad Pada Sistem Ground Segment Menggunakan Frekuensi 433 MHz

“…[1]- [3], memonitoring ketinggian air [4], dan aplikasi Wi-Fi [5]. Antena Double Biquad dapat bekerja pada frekuensi 433 MHz [3], frekuensi 915 MHz [1], dan frekuensi 2,4 GHz [4]- [6].…”

“…[1]- [3], memonitoring ketinggian air [4], dan aplikasi Wi-Fi [5]. Antena Double Biquad dapat bekerja pada frekuensi 433 MHz [3], frekuensi 915 MHz [1], dan frekuensi 2,4 GHz [4]- [6]. Menurut Iswandi et.al [3], antena Double Biquad memberikan performansi yang lebih baik dibandingnkan antena Yagi-Uda dan antena Biquad pada sistem komunikasi telemetri pada UAV.…”

The Recent Advancement in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Tracking Antenna: A Review

“…Ground-to-air antenna tracking systems relies on the determination, measurement, and comparison of signal strength gradient from the GCS to the airborne platform. This scheme motivates the search for the optimal elevation and azimuth angle between the two antennas involved [ 86 , 87 ]. The ground-to-air tracking antenna system is a very simple and efficient approach of tracking a target without knowledge of the air vehicle attitudes.…”

Design and Configuration of 4G Repeater Booster Device at 1800MHZ

“…With the use of a repeater, this weak signal is taken and amplified with the help of an outdoor antenna and then forwarded via coaxial to the repeater unit. This repeater unit is filtered with a bandpass filter in the 800MHz or 1800MHz frequency [1]. Then channelled to the indoor antenna via coaxial to be retransmitted indoors.…”