Design and Characterization of Screen-Printed Textile Electrodes for ECG Monitoring

Achilli, Andrea; Bonfiglio, Annalisa; Pani, Danilo

doi:10.1109/jsen.2018.2819202

Cited by 59 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The present textile electrodes of hitoe ® maintained the level of the electric conductivity of PEDOT-PSS, which will prove one of advantages in using nano-fibers. Usability of PEDOT-PSS was recently extended to printed electrodes [ 21 ]; however, its washing durability was not reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of wearable textile electrodes for ECG monitoring

et al. 2019

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A highly conductive textile was woven from nano-fibers coated with the PEDOT-PSS polymer. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of textile electrodes for ECG recording as a smart garment. Electrode textile pads and lead wires were sewn to the lining of sportswear and their tolerability to repeated washings were tested up to 150 times. The electrical conductivity of the textile electrode remained functional for up to 50 machine washes. To assess the level of motion artifacts or noise during the daily monitoring of ECG, a single lead ECG with conventional or textile electrodes was recorded during supine rest, seated rest, upright trunk rotation (i.e., twisting), and stepping movement in 66 healthy adults. A Holter system was used for data storage and analysis. ECG patterns of P, QRS, and T waves were comparable between the conventional and textile electrodes. However, the signal-to-artifact-and/or-noise ratio (SAR) during twisting was larger in the textile electrodes than in the conventional electrodes. No skin irritation was seen in the textile electrodes. The single lead textile electrodes embedded in an inner garment were usable for continuous and/or repeated ECG monitoring in daily life except during vigorous trunk movement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of wearable textile electrodes for ECG monitoring

et al. 2019

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“…Societal needs such as new functionality, comfort, and aesthetic values from daily use to critical health-related applications are the driving forces for the development of smart textile materials. The recent developments in the fields of textiles, electronics, information technology, advanced materials and polymers are paving the way for the development of smart textile materials and their application [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The fact that textiles are an interface between the wearer and the surrounding with large and permanent surface contact make them ideally suitable for large scale and long-term health monitoring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEDOT:PSS-Based Conductive Textiles and Their Applications

Tseghai

Mengistie

Malengier

et al. 2020

Sensors

151

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The conductive polymer complex poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is the most explored conductive polymer for conductive textiles applications. Since PEDOT:PSS is readily available in water dispersion form, it is convenient for roll-to-roll processing which is compatible with the current textile processing applications. In this work, we have made a comprehensive review on the PEDOT:PSS-based conductive textiles, methods of application onto textiles and their applications. The conductivity of PEDOT:PSS can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude using processing agents. However, neat PEDOT:PSS lacks flexibility and strechability for wearable electronics applications. One way to improve the mechanical flexibility of conductive polymers is making a composite with commodity polymers such as polyurethane which have high flexibility and stretchability. The conductive polymer composites also increase attachment of the conductive polymer to the textile, thereby increasing durability to washing and mechanical actions. Pure PEDOT:PSS conductive fibers have been produced by solution spinning or electrospinning methods. Application of PEDOT:PSS can be carried out by polymerization of the monomer on the fabric, coating/dyeing and printing methods. PEDOT:PSS-based conductive textiles have been used for the development of sensors, actuators, antenna, interconnections, energy harvesting, and storage devices. In this review, the application methods of PEDOT:SS-based conductive polymers in/on to a textile substrate structure and their application thereof are discussed.

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“…On the contrary, the signals received from the chest using conventional electrodes showed little variation in amplitude but had no noise. No variation in the amplitude of the ECG signals obtained from the dry ECG electrodes proved that the fabricated paper-based electrodes had improved mechanical contact with the skin due to their flexible and conformal physical form factors [2,37]. It was also observed that the peak-to-peak potentials of the fabricated electrodes were 1.6, 1.5, 1.95, and 1.8 V for CG, CG/f@MWCNTs-15%, CG/f@MWCNTs-25%, and CG/f@MWCNTs-35%, respectively.…”

Section: Physical Characterization Of Developed Composites and Electrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paper-Based Flexible Electrode Using Chemically-Modified Graphene and Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Composites for Electrophysiological Signal Sensing

et al. 2019

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Flexible paper-based physiological sensor electrodes were developed using chemically-modified graphene (CG) and carboxylic-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube composites (f@MWCNTs). A solvothermal process with additional treatment was conducted to synthesize CG and f@MWCNTs to make CG-f@MWCNT composites. The composite was sonicated in an appropriate solvent to make a uniform suspension, and then it was drop cast on a nylon membrane in a vacuum filter. A number of batches (0%~35% f@MWCNTs) were prepared to investigate the performance of the physical characteristics. The 25% f@MWCNT-loaded composite showed the best adhesion on the paper substrate. The surface topography and chemical bonding of the proposed CG-f@MWCNT electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The average sheet resistance of the 25% CG-f@MWCNT electrode was determined to be 75 Ω/□, and it showed a skin contact impedance of 45.12 kΩ at 100 Hz. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals were recorded from the chest and fingertips of healthy adults using the proposed electrodes. The CG-f@MWCNT electrodes demonstrated comfortability and a high sensitivity for electrocardiogram signal detection.

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Design and Characterization of Screen-Printed Textile Electrodes for ECG Monitoring

Cited by 59 publications

References 51 publications

Validation of wearable textile electrodes for ECG monitoring

Validation of wearable textile electrodes for ECG monitoring

PEDOT:PSS-Based Conductive Textiles and Their Applications

Paper-Based Flexible Electrode Using Chemically-Modified Graphene and Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Composites for Electrophysiological Signal Sensing

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