Design and characterization of a flow reaction calorimeter based on FlowPlate® Lab and Peltier elements

Abstract

Continuous manurfacturing and development of flow processes depend significantly on an optimized and adapted determination of thermokinetic data of chemical reations. Reaction calorimetry represents a prominent technique to quantify the...

Dynamic Spinning Disc Reactor Technology to Enable In Situ Solid Product Formation in a Diazotization and Azo Coupling Sequence

“…The experiment revealed a heat of reaction (Δ H rxn ) of −127 kJ mol –1 for the first step, thus demonstrating its exothermic nature, which corresponds to an adiabatic temperature rise of 18.5 °C. This result highlights the importance of controlling the exotherm through careful dosing of reagents and good heat transfer given the thermal instability of diazonium salts, which then can result in the evolution of nitrogen gas on decomposition. ,, For the second step, an exotherm was also observed, which is a combination of the exothermic neutralization of HCl and NaOH (between −56 and −58 kJ/mol based on literature references) − and the endothermic azo coupling (35.6 kJ/mol).…”