Design and Characteristics of an Optofluidic Phase Modulator Based on Dielectrowetting

Non-aqueous organic solution based on a large-aperture spherical electrowetting liquid lens with a wide tunable focal length range

“…33,36,47 The non-aqueous system is completely a compound of a nonaqueous organic solvent, and the solute usually contains some special organic electrolytes. 48,49 At present, almost all the conductive liquids used in electrowetting liquid lenses contain water, and most of them are aqueous solutions. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] A few studies use other polar solutions, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, propylene carbonate, etc.…”

“…Sometimes some electrolytes are added to improve the conductivity of the conductive liquid. [48][49][50] Non-aqueous conductive liquids also contain ionic liquids, but they are more viscous and have the potential to mix with oil phases. [51][52][53][54][55] However, the existence of water in the conductive liquid inevitably implies the problem of evaporation, hydrolysis bubbles, or the tendency toward a higher freezing point.…”

Effect of frequency on droplet actuation in reverse electrowetting

“…Microfluidic driving and control technology plays an important role in microfluidic system, which include electrowetting [1][2][3], thermal [4], dielectrophoresis [5][6][7], machinery [8], etc. Among them, electrowetting is considered to be a very effective manipulation technology and widely used in lab-on-a-chip [9][10][11], optical switch [12,13], liquid lens [14,15] and rapid response display [16].…”

Dielectrowetting actuation of droplet: Theory and experimental validation*

“…[6] In 2018, Kim et al presented a novel light steering device operated by dielectrowetting actuation for diverse optical applications. [26] In 2021, Liang et al developed a dielectrowetting-based optofluidic phase modulator by wheel spoke coplanar-electrode, its optical phase modulation can reach 9.366π when the voltage reached 150 V. [27] These works provided references and guides for dielectrowettingbased devices design, however, the contracting feature of the droplets actuated by dielectrowetting and the mechanisms involved remain obscure.…”