“…Using the material library in the software, the model envelope structure is built according to the enclosed structure method outlined in architectural design [32,33]. Table 1 depicts the construction strategy of the envelope structure.…”
Section: Figure 1: Overall Model Diagrammentioning
The calculation of heat and humidity load serves as the cornerstone of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) design. Nevertheless, as the heat and humidity load characteristics of underground structures differ substantially from those of above-ground structures, it is a challenge to derive their accurate calculation procedure through engineering experience. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out quantitative research on heat and humidity load. This study used Design Builder software to study the influence of the design state point of air conditioning in underground buildings on energy consumption. The study showed that compared with the single design temperature of 18°C, setting the temperature of 16°C in winter and 22°C in summer could reduce energy consumption by about 59%. And the hourly heat load, cooling load and humidity load in one year are simulated and calculated so as to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of the load. This provides a database for selecting suitable HVAC equipment. It is further emphasized that dehumidification is the key to HVAC design of underground structures, which provides a reference for similar engineering designs.
“…Using the material library in the software, the model envelope structure is built according to the enclosed structure method outlined in architectural design [32,33]. Table 1 depicts the construction strategy of the envelope structure.…”
Section: Figure 1: Overall Model Diagrammentioning
The calculation of heat and humidity load serves as the cornerstone of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) design. Nevertheless, as the heat and humidity load characteristics of underground structures differ substantially from those of above-ground structures, it is a challenge to derive their accurate calculation procedure through engineering experience. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out quantitative research on heat and humidity load. This study used Design Builder software to study the influence of the design state point of air conditioning in underground buildings on energy consumption. The study showed that compared with the single design temperature of 18°C, setting the temperature of 16°C in winter and 22°C in summer could reduce energy consumption by about 59%. And the hourly heat load, cooling load and humidity load in one year are simulated and calculated so as to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of the load. This provides a database for selecting suitable HVAC equipment. It is further emphasized that dehumidification is the key to HVAC design of underground structures, which provides a reference for similar engineering designs.
“…Thus, a PCM solution should be integrated with heat transfer enhancement means, e.g. metal foam structures [15][16][17], extended surfaces [18], or close-contact melting (either occurring naturally [19,20] or governed using external forces [9]).…”
The growing interest in phase-change materials (PCM) is related to their possible role in thermal energy storage and thermal management. The choice of materials depends strongly on the required temperature range, whereas the latent heat of solid-liquid phase transition has to be as high as possible. Among other organic PCM, sugar alcohols have gained some attention due to their availability and certain advantageous properties. However, the thermal processes in these materials still require investigation.
In the present work, we focused on the materials with solid-liquid phase change within 80 – 100 °C. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted to elucidate the available sugar alcohols relevant to this range. It was found that the use of pure materials of this type is not very practical, because of their scarcity in the required range and their specific features, like difficulties with crystallization and solidification. On the other hand, based on the literature, we have discerned three mixtures of erythritol with other organic materials. In all those cases, it is remarkable that while the components commonly have rather high melting temperatures, the eutectic mixtures had the phase transitions in the required range. Still, each of these mixtures has its own peculiar features, especially at cooling and solidification. An extensive experimental study was performed to provide detailed visualization of these major processes.
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