Design and application of piezoelectric biomaterials

Abstract

Multifunctional materials have received increasing attention in recent years. Owing to their inherent biological nature and piezoelectric properties, piezoelectric biomaterials are considered as promising candidates for applications in biomedical systems. The rational material design is important to enhance their piezoelectric and biological activity. The recent development of piezoelectric viruses, peptides, and other polymeric biomaterials is reviewed. Fabrication methods, morphological features, and piezoelectric properties of these biomaterials are presented. The effects of growth direction, phase, and polarization of piezoelectric biomaterials on their piezoelectric activity are discussed. The applications of piezoelectric biomaterials in the fields of nanogenerators, energystorage devices, sensors, and tissue engineering are provided. The challenges and perspective of piezoelectric biomaterials are provided at the end.

Recent Advances in Organic Piezoelectric Biomaterials for Energy and Biomedical Applications

“…Diphenylalanine (FF) is composed of two phenylalanine (F) amino acids and can be self-assembled into semi-crystalline peptide nanotubes and microrods, exhibiting multiple advantages including morphological diversity, functional diversity, high biocompatibility, and a high Young's modulus [16,43]. The nanostructured diphenylalanines are widely studied piezoelectric materials that have a non-centrosymmetric hexagonal space group (P6 1 ) [44].…”

“…Organic piezoelectric biomaterials have been chosen as the functional materials for fabricating a scaffold to grow and differentiate cells in the field of tissue engineering [16]. Several studies have shown that the biocompatible piezoelectric materials can serve as tissue stimulators and scaffolds to promote tissue regeneration.…”

“…Organic piezoelectric biomaterials offer several benefits over inorganic piezoelectric materials, which include a high biocompatibility, excellent flexibility, environmental friendliness, and a high level of processability. Ever since the discovery of polarization in asymmetric biological tissue in 1941 [15], many researchers have looked not only to unveil the primary principle underlying the piezoelectricity of those materials, but also to enhance its physical and chemical properties by designing a molecular structure, nanostructuring, and adding dopants [2,16]. Although organic piezoelectric biomaterials exhibit weak piezoelectricity compared to inorganic counterparts, recent research suggests…”

Recent Developments and Prospects of M13- Bacteriophage Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices

“…Researchers hypothesized that bone's piezoelectric signal by physical stimulation could regulate bone growth, repair, wound healing, and tissue regeneration [37][38][39]. In addition, piezoelectric biomaterials also have several advantages for use in sensors [40], energy storage [41], energy harvesting, and other areas [42]. Despite these advantages of biopiezoelectric materials and their potential applications, a comprehensive review of virus-based piezoelectric energy harvesting devices have not been reported.…”

Enhanced chemical and physical properties of PEDOT doped with anionic polyelectrolytes prepared from acrylic derivatives and application to nanogenerators

“…15,16 H. Yuan et al reported piezoelectric virus-and peptide-based biomaterials due to their requirement in biomedical systems. 17 Electrode materials in general are metal(oxide)-based materials such as gold, silver, and indium tin oxide, which show excellent electrical properties. However, since they are rigid and brittle, cracks occur frequently when they are applied to exible devices; this is an issue that needs to be primarily resolved to achieve durability and stability.…”