Design and analysis of tubular permanent magnet linear generator for small-scale wave energy converter

Kim, Jeong-Man; Koo, Min-Mo; Jeong, Jong Seob; Hong, Keyyong; Cho, Il-Hyoung; Choi, Jang-Young

doi:10.1063/1.4974496

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A tubular permanent magnet linear machine (PMLM) design with an air-cored winding for small scale WEC applications has been introduced by Kim et al [19] with a rated stroke and speed of 100 mm and 0.3 m/s, respectively. The design yields an output voltage of 3.5 V at the rated output power of 3 W [19]. Likewise, a PMLM design by Zhang et al [11] also employed a tubular structure for application at 0.4 m/s speed.…”

Section: Figure 1 Energy Conversion In Wecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the study added variations to the design in terms of the number of planar sides and position of the translator. Based on the Tubular linear generator design structures have been extensively employed in previous works [11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. A tubular permanent magnet linear machine (PMLM) design with an air-cored winding for small scale WEC applications has been introduced by Kim et al [19] with a rated stroke and speed of 100 mm and 0.3 m/s, respectively.…”

Section: Figure 1 Energy Conversion In Wecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the Tubular linear generator design structures have been extensively employed in previous works [11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. A tubular permanent magnet linear machine (PMLM) design with an air-cored winding for small scale WEC applications has been introduced by Kim et al [19] with a rated stroke and speed of 100 mm and 0.3 m/s, respectively. The design yields an output voltage of 3.5 V at the rated output power of 3 W [19].…”

Section: Figure 1 Energy Conversion In Wecmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Analysis of Tubular Slotted Linear Generators for Direct Drive Wave Energy Conversion Systems

2020

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Linear generator utilization in a wave energy converter (WEC) is an attractive alternative to a rotary generator. This paper presents the design of a permanent magnet linear machine (PMLM) for WEC applications in low wave power areas. In this paper, the wave height and vertical speed of Malaysian water is used for the simulation and design. Two design variants are introduced which are tubular PMLM with no spacer (TPMLM-NS) and tubular PMLM with spacer (TPMLM-S). Finite element analysis (FEA) has been conducted to investigate the performance and to refine the main dimensions of the design in terms of split ratio, pitch ratio and tooth width. The FEA results are then validated using an analytical method which is established according to the design’s magnetic field distribution. Based on main dimension refinement, it can be deduced that both the split ratio and the pitch ratio have a significant influence on the airgap flux density and back EMF of the design. The obtained FEA results also reveal that the TPMLM-NS variant is capable of producing 240 V back EMF, 1 kW output power with satisfactory efficiency. Consequently, this indicates the capability of the design to convert wave energy with good performance. Additionally, good agreement between the analytical predictions and FEA results was obtained with a low percentage of error, thus providing concrete assurance of the accuracy of the design.

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Section: Figure 1 Energy Conversion In Wecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 1 Energy Conversion In Wecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 1 Energy Conversion In Wecmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Analysis of Tubular Slotted Linear Generators for Direct Drive Wave Energy Conversion Systems

2020

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“…The size of "small" EMEH (few tens of cm 3 ) proposed in the literature, remains significant and these devices are difficult to integrate in the environment for which they are designed for [33]- [36]. However, some EMEH topologies try to get around this theoretical limit by proposing innovative geometries and ways to harvest the electromagnetic energy [15], [25], [31], [37]. In a electromagnetic power generator, the mechanical and electrical parts are strongly coupled, especially for small scale EH where the harvested energy can affect the dynamics of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Experimental Characterization of an Electromagnetic Energy Harvester for Wearable and Biomedical Applications

et al. 2020

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This work presents the modeling and the experimental validation of a linear electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH) actuated by random low-g external acceleration or by a very slow imposed movement. By combining these two different ways of energy scavenging, the system is particularly suited for powering wearable and biomedical electronic devices where the human-motion and movement can be considered as random and non predictable. The design is composed of a mobile stack of head-to-head ringshaped permanent magnets in which a fixed wounded ferromagnetic core, composed of two coils, is located. A custom co-simulation is presented: a finite element analysis (FEA) and a one dimension (1D) two degrees of freedom (2DOF) system model. The FEA is used to optimize the geometry of the EMEH and its form factor, allowing an significative down-scaling. The 1D 2DOF model describes the dynamics of the EMEH in its real environment by considering all the leading mechanical and electrical parameters. The geometry can drastically change the behavior of the system as well as its dynamics: the goal of this double structure is to reduce the magnetic force exerted between the fixed part and the moving part while keeping the magnetic flux gradient in each coil as large as possible. This force was characterized experimentally by using a custom designed test bench, to validate the FEA results. It was observed that the maximum produced energy is reached when the system sweeps across different equilibrium positions rather than oscillating around a given stable position. The second degree of freedom helps the system to settle in a large number of equilibrium positions when submitted to random external accelerations and therefore broadens the frequency response of the EH. Results show a theoretical electrical power output (RMS) of 2 mW for a 10 cm 3 cylindrical harvester submitted to a short external acceleration pulse of 27.5 m/s 2. INDEX TERMS Axisymmetrical geometry, eddy currents, electromagnetic energy harvesters, energy harvesting characterization, finite element analysis, magnetic force, two degrees of freedom.

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“…wearable devices [2224], implantable biomedical devices [22,23,25] and mobile applications [26], among many others [27]. Most of these technologies must have their own incorporated power supply to ensure that enough energy is available, but also to reduce problems related to interconnection, electronic noise and control system complexity [13,28].…”

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confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic energy harvesting using magnetic levitation architectures: A review

et al. 2020

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Motion-driven electromagnetic energy harvesters have the ability to provide low-cost and customizable electric powering. They are a well-suited technological solution to autonomously supply a broad range of high-sophisticated devices. This paper presents a detailed review focused on major breakthroughs in the scope of electromagnetic energy harvesting using magnetic levitation architectures. A rigorous analysis of twenty-one design congurations was made to compare their geometric and constructive parameters, optimization methodologies and energy harvesting performances. This review also explores the most relevant models (analytical, semi-analytical, empirical and nite element method) already developed to make intelligible the physical phenomena of their transduction mechanisms. The most relevant approaches to model each physical phenomenon of these transduction mechanisms are highlighted in this paper. Very good agreements were found between experimental and simulation tests with deviations lower than 15%. Moreover, the external motion excitations and electric energy harvesting outputs were also comprehensively compared and critically discussed. Electric power densities up to 8 mW/cm 3 (8 kW/m 3 ) have already been achieved; for resistive loads, the maximum voltage and current were 43.4 V and 150 mA, respectively, for volumes up to 235 cm 3 . Results highlight the potential of these harvesters to convert mechanical energy into electric energy both for large-scale and small-scale applications. Moreover, this paper proposes future research directions towards eciency maximization and minimization of energy production costs.

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Design and analysis of tubular permanent magnet linear generator for small-scale wave energy converter

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Design and Analysis of Tubular Slotted Linear Generators for Direct Drive Wave Energy Conversion Systems

Design and Analysis of Tubular Slotted Linear Generators for Direct Drive Wave Energy Conversion Systems

Modeling and Experimental Characterization of an Electromagnetic Energy Harvester for Wearable and Biomedical Applications

Electromagnetic energy harvesting using magnetic levitation architectures: A review

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