Design and Analysis of Inscribed Fractal Super Wideband Antenna for Microwave Applications

Abstract

This paper presents the design of a Super Wideband (SWB) antenna with enhanced bandwidth for microwave applications with a detailed parametric study of the methods used to enhance the bandwidth of the conventional antenna. The proposed SWB antenna has emerged from a traditional circular monopole antenna by experimenting with an inscribed fractal structure with a tapered feed line and partial ground plane with blended corners and achieved a super wideband frequency range from 2.31 GHz to 105.5 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 192.1% and a Bandwidth Dimension Ratio (BDR) of 2154.88. The antenna has a relatively small electrical dimension, i.e., 0.33λ 0 × 0.27λ 0 , where λ 0 corresponds to the lower-end operating frequency and exhibits good gain and efficiency characteristics. In order to observe the signal correlation of the proposed antenna, the time domain analysis using similar antennas in face-to-face and side-to-side scenarios has been performed using the EM simulation tool CST-STUDIO. The simulated gain varies from 1.28 to 9.35 dBi. The proposed antenna can be used for S, C, X, Ka, Ku, V, and W bands for microwave and millimetre wave applications. The simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna exhibit a good agreement.

On the Development of Compact Super-Wideband Fractal Antenna

“…Parallel with exponentially developing wireless system technologies towards next generation communication, there is a continuous rise in demand for high spectral efficiency, multifunctional, good radiation characteristics, compact in size, and high rate of data transfer. Although UWB technology have been utilized in various application to fulfill these requirements but in spite of high BR of 3.4:1, they are not suitable for long distance communication because of their long signal acquisition time, slow adaptation rate, and low power transmission (7)(8)(9)(10) . Thus, to satisfy the interest in both long-range and short-range communication, researchers have begun efforts to implement SWB technology in wireless devices.…”

High Performance Two-arm Antenna for Super Wideband Operation

“…Compact and low-profile antennas are vital in many applications such as wireless communication, highperformance aircraft, spacecraft, satellite, and missile applications [1][2][3]. The range of frequencies 3.1-10.6 GHz has been allocated for unlicensed ultra-wideband (UWB) by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) [1].…”

“…Compact and low-profile antennas are vital in many applications such as wireless communication, highperformance aircraft, spacecraft, satellite, and missile applications [1][2][3]. The range of frequencies 3.1-10.6 GHz has been allocated for unlicensed ultra-wideband (UWB) by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) [1]. UWB antennas have ratio bandwidth (RBW) of 3.4 : 1 but, unfortunately, not suitable for long-range mobile communications due to their slow adaptation rate, low transmitted power, and long signal acquisition time [1,2].…”

“…The range of frequencies 3.1-10.6 GHz has been allocated for unlicensed ultra-wideband (UWB) by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) [1]. UWB antennas have ratio bandwidth (RBW) of 3.4 : 1 but, unfortunately, not suitable for long-range mobile communications due to their slow adaptation rate, low transmitted power, and long signal acquisition time [1,2]. A super wideband (SWB) antenna might be a good candidate to meet the future generations of mobile communication system requirements and are able to overcome the shortage of the UWB antennas.…”

“…The antennas with a minimum bandwidth ratio of 10 : 1 for impedance matching are considered as SWB antennas. Various applications with varying operational frequency bands can be covered with a single SWB antenna that is functional for both short-range and long-range communications [1][2][3][4][5]. The challenge faced by SWB antenna designers is to reduce the antenna size without reducing the bandwidth or disturbing the radiation pattern stability.…”