Design and analysis of a vibration energy harvester using push-pull electrostatic conversion

Abstract

Methods of electrostatic conversion are available for harvesting energy where there are ambient vibrations. However, most of the previous work in the literature has addressed applications with high frequencies. In this study, we are not only implementing an electret-based energy harvester for low-frequency applications but also evaluating the effect of parameters, including vibration rates, accelerations, electret surface potential, e.g. on the efficiency of electrostatic energy harvesting (EH). A prototype system, with the size of 4 × 28 cm 3 , was built and constructed to accomplish experimental analysis, and the corona triode process was used to prepare electrets by charging Teflon FEP films. In the electret surface potential range of 300-1800 V, vibration frequency range of 2-45 Hz, and acceleration range of 0.1-1.0 g, the effect of parameters on the EH efficiency was experimentally tested. To predict and maximize the performance of the system, a mathematical response surface model (RSM), validated experimentally < 9.5% error. The maximum peak-peak voltage output of 318 V was predicted using this model for the electret surface potential of −1800 V, and vibration frequency of 16 Hz. Moreover, harvested energy was ∼ 900 µJ (∼0.8 µJ per mechanical cycle) in a minute though low frequencies (<20 Hz), which can be easily enhanced to more than 1 mJ with system optimization. We suggest our device can be used in numerous low-frequency applications, and our predictive model can also be used to optimize the efficiency of other electrostatic energy harvesters based on electrets.

Wearable Ball-Impact Piezoelectric Multi-Converters for Low-Frequency Energy Harvesting from Human Motion

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Smart Wearable Sensors Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Personal Healthcare Monitoring

“…They do not only make wearable sensors bulky and uncomfortable to wear, but also requires frequent charging or regular replacement. Wearable energy harvesters, based on different principles, were widely developed, such as electrostatic [ 3 , 4 ], electromagnetic [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], thermoelectric [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], piezoelectric [ 11 , 12 ], and triboelectric [ 13 , 14 ]. As an energy harvester device, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on a coupling effect of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction was proved to be very effective to precisely convert mechanical energy (especially low frequency) in the environment into electricity [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

All-in-One High-Power-Density Vibrational Energy Harvester with Impact-Induced Frequency Broadening Mechanisms

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