Design and Analysis Metamaterial Inspired Wearable Antenna for 2.45GHz ISM Band

Latha, G. Sri; Raju, G. S.; Dayal, P. A. Sunny

doi:10.1109/icm50269.2020.9331772

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The use of flexible or semiflexible materials is generating a lot of attention in developing wearable nodes [1]. Flexible electronics can have mechanical behaviors, including wrinkling, bending, and experiencing stress or collapse [3]. These properties would significantly expand the range of applications for current electronic devices, enabling their use in various real-life scenarios that are not flat, including conforming to the shape of the human body [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancement of a High-Efficiency Wearable Antenna Enabling Wireless Body Area Networks

Waly,

Smida,

Aljarallah

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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This paper presents a unique antenna that is designed to be efficient, with improved gain and partial flexibility, for use in wearable biomedical telemetry applications. The antenna design utilizes a semi-flexible RO5880 substrate material (dielectric constant, ε r = 2.2, loss tangent, (tan δ) = 0.0009) with physical dimensions measuring 0.47λ g × 0.47λ g . The model involves the incorporation of rectangular inverted "C" slots, which effectively results in a reduction of the resonant frequency. Additionally, a distributed rectangular slot is introduced on the ground plane, contributing to the augmentation of the operational bandwidth. The operational frequency of the proposed antenna design is 2.40 GHz, accompanied by a bandwidth (BW) of 320 MHz at a -10 dB level. This equates to a fractional percentage bandwidth (FBW) of 13.33% centered around the frequency of 2.40 GHz. The antenna design presented in this work demonstrates the preservation of improved gain and efficiency, achieving values of 3.67 dBi and 94%, respectively, at a frequency of 2.40 GHz. The work demonstrates through simulation and experimental outcomes that the antenna exhibits minimal impact on parameters such as gain reflection coefficient (|S 11 |), BW, and bending efficiency. Furthermore, the antenna underwent simulation and experimental testing in close proximity to the human body, revealing favorable operational characteristics. The proposed antenna exhibits substantial potential as a viable option for wearable biomedical instruments. Thus, the proposed wearable antenna design in this study offers a wideband antenna for ISM band applications, expanding bandwidth without compromising performance. Bending the antenna minimally affects gain, bandwidth, and efficiency when worn on the body, making it suitable for wearables. It also maintains a reasonably low Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), reducing wave absorption by the body. Unique features like rectangular inverted "C" slots and a distributed rectangular slot on the ground plane enhance bandwidth while maintaining performance during bending.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancement of a High-Efficiency Wearable Antenna Enabling Wireless Body Area Networks

Waly,

Smida,

Aljarallah

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Metasurface-Enabled Fork-Shaped Antenna for 2.45 GHz ISM Band Wearable Applications

Srilatha

Raju

Dayal

2023

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Design, Analysis and Applications of Wearable Antennas: A Review

et al. 2023

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Wearable antennas are the vital components for Body Centric Communication (BCC). These antennas have recently gained the attention of researchers and have received a great deal of popularity due to their attractive characteristics and opportunities. They are fundamental in the Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) for health care, military, sports, and identification purposes. Compared to traditional antennas, these antennas work in close proximity to the human body, so their performance in terms of return loss, gain, directivity, bandwidth, radiation pattern, efficiency, and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is influenced by the coupling and absorption of the human body tissues. Additionally, in the design of these antennas, size, power consumption, and speed can also play a paramount role. In most cases, these antennas are integrated into the clothes, or in some cases, they may be fixed over the skin of the users. When these characteristics are considered, the design of wearable antennas becomes challenging, particularly when textile materials are examined, high conductivity materials are used during the manufacturing process, and various deformation scenarios have an impact on the design's performance. To enhance the overall performance of the wearable antennas and to reduce the backward radiation towards the human body, metamaterial surfaces are introduced that provide a high degree of isolation from the human body and significantly reduce the SAR. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art wearable/textile/flexible antennas integrated with metamaterial structures composed of wearable/flexible substrate materials, with a focus on single and dual band antenna designs. The paper also reviews the critical design issues, various fabrication techniques, and other factors that need to be considered in the design of wearable/textile/flexible antennas. All the designs presented in this work are of the recent developments in wearable technology. INDEX TERMS BCC, WBAN, SAR, metamaterial, and wearable/textile/flexible antennas I. INTRODUCTIONRecently, Body Centric Wireless Communication (BCWC) has become one of the most important parts of the fourth generation (4G) mobile communication systems. The fifth generation (5G) is an encouraging technology which will not only fulfil the need of a high data rate for mobile phones and similar devices but also enable incorporation with different high added value services [1]. The IEEE 802.15 standardization group has been established to standardize applications intended for on, off, and in-body communication due to the growing interest in antennas and wave propagation for body centric communication systems [2]. BCWC is a type of communication which is used to connect devices which are worn on or in the body, or between the two people in close proximity. It is further divided into three different categories according to the mean of communication, they are on-body, in-body and off-body communication [3][4][5]. On-body communication describes the wireless communication between the body-mou...

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Design and Analysis Metamaterial Inspired Wearable Antenna for 2.45GHz ISM Band

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Advancement of a High-Efficiency Wearable Antenna Enabling Wireless Body Area Networks

Advancement of a High-Efficiency Wearable Antenna Enabling Wireless Body Area Networks

Metasurface-Enabled Fork-Shaped Antenna for 2.45 GHz ISM Band Wearable Applications

Design, Analysis and Applications of Wearable Antennas: A Review

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