DESERTIFICATION – A NEW SECURITY CHALLENGE FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN? Policy agenda for recognising and coping with fatal outcomes of global environmental change and potentially violent societal consequences

Brauch, Hans Günter

doi:10.1007/1-4020-3760-0_02

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For instance, the Sahel region's devastating droughts and hunger in the 1970s, 1980s, and mid-1990s, particularly in Darfur, Sudan, and Chad, occasionally led to violent clashes between nomadic tribes and local farmers. In turn, this conflict has occasionally been linked to extensive environmental-induced transnational migration [27]. Therefore, experts and many international organisations recognise the critical importance of understanding the spatio-temporal variation in rainfall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Current Satellite Sensors in Capturing the Spatio-temporal Rainfall Variability across North Darfur State, Sudan

Altoom,

Adam,

Ali

2023

Preprint

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Accurate rainfall measurement is vital when investigating spatial and temporal precipitation variability at different scales. However, there are many regions around the world, such as North Darfur State in Sudan, where ground-based observations are few. Satellite-based precipitation products can fill such regions' spatial and temporal rainfall data gaps. Six satellite rainfall prod-ucts, namely the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA), African Rainfall Climatology Version 2 (ARC2.0), Climate Hazards Group In-frared Precipitation with Station Data (CHIRPS2.0), the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurements (GPM) Final Run v 6 (GPM IMERG6), Precipitation Estima-tion from Remote Sensing Information using Artificial Neural Networks-Climate Data Record (PERSIANN-CDR), and the Tropical Applications of Meteorology using SATellite and ground-based observations (TAMSAT) v3.1 were evaluated to assess their accuracy in estimating rainfall amounts variability trends in the study area. The global-based satellite rainfall products were assessed at monthly and annual time scales by applying a point-to-pixel comparison with ground-based rain gauge data for the period 2000–2019. Based on the overall statistical results at monthly and temporal yearly scales, five satellite precipitation products (TMPA, CHIRPS, GPM IMERG6, PERSIANN-CDR, and TAMSATv3.1) overestimated rainfall amounts by values ranging from 1.49% to 82.69%. In contrast, the ARC2 product underestimated rainfall amounts by values ranging from-16.9% to-20.25%. The TAMSATv3.1, CHIRPS, and TMPA performed relatively better, showing stronger correlations and higher values of Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency. This study showed that the TAMSATv3.1 and CHIRPS products could reasonably estimate rainfall amounts in the North Darfur State.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Current Satellite Sensors in Capturing the Spatio-temporal Rainfall Variability across North Darfur State, Sudan

Altoom,

Adam,

Ali

2023

Preprint

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“…Desertification (representing soil degradation) is one of the nature-induced (climate change, hydrological cycle) and human-induced challenges (population growth, urbanization and food production) of global environmental change. Both natural and human-induced components closely interact and contribute to fatal outcomes: primarily to extreme weather events and hydro-meteorological disasters (drought, flash floods and storms) and environmentally-induced human migration (Brauch 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioindicator beetles and plants in desertified and eroded lands in Turkey

Korotyaev

Gültekin

Volkovitsh

et al. 2016

J. Insect Biodiversity

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The xerophilous vegetation with characteristic insect assemblages is described in the main agricultural regions and native landscapes of Turkey. Long term intensive investigations documented vast biotic degradation of soil and vegetation (commonly referred to as desertification) by overgrazing, construction, recreation etc. Two main types of xeric landscape are under investigation: 1) natural highly specific deserts, semi-deserts, dry mountain slopes and screes; and 2) anthropogenic, newly emerged, floristically impoverished desertified areas. The presence of a multi-species insect assemblage on a xerophilous plant in certain area testifies its indigenous nature, whereas the absence of the specific consortium suggests recent plant invasion. The examples of the first case are the consortia of 3-6 species of Coleoptera, mainly Buprestidae, Chrysomelidae, and Curculionoidea, on some Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Ephedraceae (Ephedra spp.) and Polygonaceae (Calligonum polygonoides L.). Extreme examples of anthropogenic vegetation are overgrazed wormwood steppe and semidesert which lack usually diversified coleopterous consortia, including the most characteristic of this landscape, e.g., tenebrionids, and orthopterans. Rapid disappearance of the xerophilous complexes from the extraordinarily diversified and largely uninventoried Turkish biota makes preservation of the endangered plant and animal assemblages in different climatic zones of Turkey an urgent task. Bioindicator beetles and plantsKorotyaev et al.

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Landscape Ecology and Environmental Security: basic concepts and regional applications for the Medit

Brauch

Use of Landscape Sciences for the Assessment of Environmental Security

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DESERTIFICATION – A NEW SECURITY CHALLENGE FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN? Policy agenda for recognising and coping with fatal outcomes of global environmental change and potentially violent societal consequences

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Evaluating Current Satellite Sensors in Capturing the Spatio-temporal Rainfall Variability across North Darfur State, Sudan

Evaluating Current Satellite Sensors in Capturing the Spatio-temporal Rainfall Variability across North Darfur State, Sudan

Bioindicator beetles and plants in desertified and eroded lands in Turkey

Landscape Ecology and Environmental Security: basic concepts and regional applications for the Medit

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