Desenvolvimento e produtividade de couve-flor e repolho influenciados por tipos de cobertura do solo

Abstract

Palavras-chave: Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, plantas de cobertura, ciclagem de nutrientes, produtividade. ABSTRACT Development and productivity of cauliflower and cabbage influenced by soil mulching typesThe use of cover crops preceding vegetable cultivation has been one option to reduce the necessity of mineral fertilizers. In this study we evaluated the soil covers applied preceding planting and its effects on some agronomic characteristics and productivity of cauliflower and cabbage. We used a factorial randomized blocks design, with four soil covers (sunnhemp, brachiaria, millet and fallow) and two crops (cauliflower and cabbage) with four replications in plots of 20 m 2 (4x5 m). We determined the number of leaves, height, head and stem diameter, and fresh and dry mass. Mulches influenced positively the agronomic characteristics of cauliflower and cabbage for head diameter (55.1 and 194.8 cm), stem diameter (70.4 and 49.2 mm) and horizontal diameter (169.9 and 14 8 mm), fresh mass (1.0 to 2.8 kg) and dry mass of the head (73.4 and 0.65 g) and productivity (7.3 to 19.2 t/ha) of the crops, respectively, when grown on brachiaria waste. The marketable fresh mass of cabbage (2.8 kg) was higher than the standard required by the Brazilian consumer market.

Application of different cover crops and mineral fertilizer doses for no-till cultivation of broccoli, cauliflower and cabbage

“…Therefore, the studies with this crop are being repeated. Still, the yield of cauliflower was higher when compared to results found by Torres et al (2015). However, FHW and yield obtained in this study for all treatments were lower than 1.5 kg of FHW and yield of 30.7 t ha -1 reported by Morais Junior et al (2012) for Sharon cultivar.…”

“…Under the same soil and climatic conditions of the Cerrado, DB yield of cover plants on irrigated plots in this experiment was higher than under rainfed conditions (Fabian, 2009;Crusciol and Soratto, 2009;Carvalho et al, 2011;Torres et al, 2015). This fact occurred because there was no lack of water during the initial stage of crop development, Beyond the coverage of the soil provided by the plants used, that may have provided greater retention of moisture and amount of nutrients available in the soil solution, which were used by plants in its development.…”

“…Four bags per parcel were collected at each sampling, which occurred 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after the distribution of the bags in the field (Torres et al, 2015, Assis et al, 2013. After collection of the samples, plant residues from each bag were manually cleaned, dried in a forced air circulation oven at 65°C until constant weight was reached, and finally weighed.…”

“…Some studies show that signal grass, sunn hemp and pearl millet are the best adapted cover crops to the edaphoclimatic conditions in the Cerrado because they produce high amount of biomass, both in the dry and rainy season (Crusciol and Soratto, 2009;Chioderoli et al, 2012;Torres et al, 2015). Other studies show that these crops provide the best nutrient cycling in the Cerrado when cultivated before or after no-till corn, soybeans, beans, rice and other crops, and that the highest amounts of nutrients are released within 42 days after terminating these cover crops (Torres et al, 2008;Fabian, 2009;Assis et al, 2013).…”

“…One of the alternatives to reduce the use of mineral fertilizers in the production of vegetables is the cultivation of cover crops before planting the seedlings into pits, without the preparation of seedbed (Torres et al, 2015, Perin et al, 2015. The decomposition of the residues deposited on the soil can provide considerable amounts of nutrients (Leite et al, 2010) for 45 days after planting, when most of the cultivated vegetables demand high amounts of nutrients for their development (Brito and Santos, 2010).…”