“…[120][121][122] Unlike GABA A receptors and NMDA receptors, the AMPA and kainite subtypes of glutamate receptors are not key targets for most general anesthetics, 65,106 although barbiturates inhibit AMPA and kainate receptors. [123][124][125] Intravenous anesthetics, including etomidate, propofol, and barbiturates, enhance the GABA A receptor function, and this effect contributes to hypnosis, immobility, and memory blockade. 105,108,111,114,126,127 The halogenated volatile anesthetics (isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane) also enhance GABA A receptor function, although these drugs appear to be less selective for GABA A receptors than most intravenous anesthetics.…”