Desempenho produtivo de genótipos de morangueiro de dia neutro na Serra Gaúcha

Abstract

O cultivo de morango no período de entressafra, durante os meses de verão, desperta interesse na Serra Gaúcha, devido às condições climáticas favorecerem produções tardias. Para isso, cultivares de dia neutro são utilizadas, já que estas não sofrem interferência do aumento do fotoperíodo para a indução floral. Portanto, a introdução e avaliação de genótipos de dia neutro se configura como uma demanda para os produtores dessa região. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a produção de diferentes genótipos de morangueiro de dia neutro na Região da Serra Gaúcha. Foram avaliadas as cultivares Albion, San Andreas e Irma, e as seleções FRF FC 104.01, FRF FC 57.06 e FRF FC 191.02, as quais foram implantadas no município de Farroupilha - RS em maio de 2017, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado contendo quatro repetições, e unidade experimental composta por 10 plantas. Foram avaliadas as variáveis produtivas e de qualidade físico-química das. As cultivares americanas Albion e San Andreas, bem como as seleções italianas FRF FC 104.01 apresentaram maior produção de frutas, estabilidade no tamanho das frutas e prolongamento do ciclo produtivo. Nas condições do estudo, observou-se que a cultivar italiana Irma não expressa o mesmo potencial produtivo observado em seu país de origem.

Quality of strawberries of Italian origin grown in the mountainous region of Rio Grande do Sul

“…The genotype FRF LAM 269.18, showed the highest pulp firmness among the genotypes, with its fruits being 58.1% firmer than the general average obtained. Cocco et al (2017), studying the agronomic performance of different Italian genotypes, also in the municipality of Farroupilha, SC, Brazil, found a high firmness value for the genotype FRF LAM 269.18, of 544.0 g of strength, an average higher than the one found in this study. In a study conducted by Zanin et al (2019), in the municipality of Lages, SC, Brazil, a high value of firmness was also verified for this genotype, of 5.67 N, corresponding to 578.18 g of strength, however, without differing from the other genotypes tested by them.…”

“…It is also worth noting that although the average mass values found are not so high for these genotypes in general, the ability to produce fruits of excellent size by some of these genotypes has already been reported in the literature (Fagherazzi et al, 2012;Faedi et al, 2014;Cocco et al, 2017Cocco et al, , 2020. We can also point out that the cultivars Pircinque and Sabrina had already correlated to this variable in the last harvest, maintaining, even under different climatic and handling conditions, the size of their fruits.…”

“…A possible explanation for the difference in pulp firmness of the genotype FRF LAM 269.18 compared to the cited studies, may be the environment and climatic conditions in the different agricultural cycles. An example of this is the study conducted by Cocco et al (2017), also in the municipality of Farroupilha, who evaluated the fruit only in Table 2. Average mass of commercial fruits (AMCF) (g fruit -1 ), fruit pulp firmness (FIR) (g fruit -1 ), epidermis luminosity (L*), epidermis chroma (C*), hue angle (°Hue), soluble solids (SS) (°Brix), titratable acidity (TA) (g 100g -1 of citric acid), and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio (SS/TA), of short and neutral day strawberry cultivars and advanced genotypes.…”

“…However, the introduction of new cultivars in the country should be preceded by studies to evaluate the adaptability of these plants in Brazilian regions, exposed to the different existing climatic conditions, including those that are also adverse to the environmental conditions in which they were selected (Galvão et al, 2017). Therefore, it is of great importance to conduct studies with new genetic sources, encouraging the national breeding programs to introduce and create materials adapted to the producing regions, expanding the genetic resources available for commercial cultivation (Cocco et al, 2020).…”