Desempenho muscular isocinético dos ombros em atletas de rúgbi

Abstract

RESUMOOBJETIVOS: Verificar a existência de assimetrias dos músculos rotadores externos e internos entre os dois ombros, em atletas amadores de rúgbi do gênero masculino. MÉTODOS: Avaliações isocinéticas de atletas amadores do rúgbi masculino foram acessadas a partir do banco de dados do Instituto de Medicina do Esporte e Ciências Aplicadas ao Movimento Humano da Universidade de Caxias do Sul (IME-UCS). Foram incluídas as avaliações do ombro e excluídos os casos sem assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido Institucional do IME-UCS prévia ao teste. O dinamômetro isocinético foi utilizado no modo concêntrico-concêntrico para os rotadores externos e internos dos músculos dos ombros nas velocidades angulares de 60°/s e 180°/s. Foram analisados os valores do pico de torque e da razão rotadores externos/internos dos ombros desses atletas. Para verificar a existência de assimetrias entre os dois lados do mesmo indivíduo, foi utilizado o teste T de Student e considerado o nível de significância de <0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados os dados de 12 atletas homens. Na análise do pico de torque na velocidade angular de 60º/s, os valores médios da musculatura do membro dominante apresentaram-se significativamente superiores quando comparados ao não dominante: rotadores externos, 43,35±4,72 Nm no membro dominante versus 38,92±4,22 Nm no membro não dominante (p=0,0012); rotadores internos, 65,58±11,88 Nm no membro dominante versus 61,69±11,98 Nm no membro não dominante (p=0,0021). A 180º/s, os valores médios do membro não dominante apresentaram uma tendência a valores inferiores quando comparado ao membro dominante, mas sem significância estatística. Com relação aos valores médios da razão rotadores externos/internos, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativa em nenhuma das velocidades angulares analisadas. CONCLUSÕES: Os atletas amadores de rúgbi apresentaram um desempenho muscular inferior do membro não dominante quando comparado ao membro dominante na análise do pico de torque. Essa diferença não havia sido encontrada nos demais estudos com atletas de rúgbi e acreditamos que este resultado se justifique pela falta de treinamentos mais frequentes e adequados desses atletas amadores. DESCRITORES: força muscular; ombro; atletas; rúgbi.ABSTRACT AIMS: To verify the existence of shoulder external and internal rotator muscle asymmetries in male amateur rugby athletes. METHODS: Isokinetic evaluations of male amateur rugby athletes were accessed from the database of the Institute for Sports Medicine and Applied Sciences in Human Movement of Universidade de Caxias do Sul (IME-UCS). Shoulders evaluated were included in the study, whereas those cases without a free and informed consent form signed prior to the test were excluded. The isokinetic dynamometer was used in a concentric-concentric mode for the shoulder external and internal rotators at angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. The peak torque and the external to internal rotator ratio were analyzed. Student's t test and a significance leve...

Normative values for internal and external glenohumeral rotation strength in rugby players: A systematic review with meta-analysis

“…Eight studies (Table 3) used isokinetic assessment with four different dynamometers in concentric 25,26 or concentric and eccentric modes 27–32 to measure the maximal internal and external glenohumeral rotation torques at 60 °/s, 25–28,32 120 °/s, 25 180 °/s, 26,31 or 240 °/s 28–30,32 when the player was standing 29,30 or sitting, 26–28,31,32 with the arm in a neutral position, 25 or abducted at 30°, 28–32 60°, 26 or 90° 27 in the frontal 31 or scapular plane. 26–30,32 Four studies provided mean values for dominant and nondominant sides, 26–28,32 three studies provided for right and left sides, 29–31 and one study combined the mean values for the two sides.…”

“…Eight studies (Table 3) used isokinetic assessment with four different dynamometers in concentric 25,26 or concentric and eccentric modes 27–32 to measure the maximal internal and external glenohumeral rotation torques at 60 °/s, 25–28,32 120 °/s, 25 180 °/s, 26,31 or 240 °/s 28–30,32 when the player was standing 29,30 or sitting, 26–28,31,32 with the arm in a neutral position, 25 or abducted at 30°, 28–32 60°, 26 or 90° 27 in the frontal 31 or scapular plane. 26–30,32 Four studies provided mean values for dominant and nondominant sides, 26–28,32 three studies provided for right and left sides, 29–31 and one study combined the mean values for the two sides. 25 The mean peak torque was the main outcome measure in all but one study; this measure was reported in Nm only in five studies 25,26,29,31 or in Nm and normalized by body mass in three studies.…”

“…26–30,32 Four studies provided mean values for dominant and nondominant sides, 26–28,32 three studies provided for right and left sides, 29–31 and one study combined the mean values for the two sides. 25 The mean peak torque was the main outcome measure in all but one study; this measure was reported in Nm only in five studies 25,26,29,31 or in Nm and normalized by body mass in three studies. 28,30,32 Six studies 25–28,30,32 found ratios between external rotation torque in concentric mode and internal rotation torque in concentric mode, two studies 27,30 found ratios between external rotation torque in eccentric mode and internal rotation torque in eccentric mode, and one study 31 found ratios between internal rotation torque in eccentric mode and external rotation torque in concentric mode.…”

“…25 The mean peak torque was the main outcome measure in all but one study; this measure was reported in Nm only in five studies 25,26,29,31 or in Nm and normalized by body mass in three studies. 28,30,32 Six studies 25–28,30,32 found ratios between external rotation torque in concentric mode and internal rotation torque in concentric mode, two studies 27,30 found ratios between external rotation torque in eccentric mode and internal rotation torque in eccentric mode, and one study 31 found ratios between internal rotation torque in eccentric mode and external rotation torque in concentric mode. Six studies 26–30,32 had acceptable methodological quality; however, the required number of three studies assessing glenohumeral rotation strength in similar experimental conditions was not reached, preventing data pooling.…”

“…28,30,32 Six studies [25][26][27][28]30,32 found ratios between external rotation torque in concentric mode and internal rotation torque in concentric mode, two studies 27,30 found ratios between external rotation torque in eccentric mode and internal rotation torque in eccentric mode, and one study 31 found ratios between internal rotation torque in eccentric mode and external rotation torque in concentric mode. Six studies [26][27][28][29][30]32 had acceptable methodological quality; however, the required number of three studies assessing glenohumeral rotation strength in similar experimental conditions was not reached, preventing data pooling. Seven studies (Table 4) used isometric assessment to determine the maximal internal and external glenohumeral rotation strength when the player was standing, 33 sitting, 34 or supine.…”