Descriptive epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Ethiopia

Beyene, Elizabeth T.; Ketema, Siraw Girum; Alebachew, Assaye Nibret; Saleh, Mizan Yeshanew; Gebremariam, Tsigereda Atumo

doi:10.1186/s12885-021-08311-8

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…11 The clinical patterns of nasopharyngeal cancers in Ethiopia is consistent with intermediaterisk endemic areas; however, association with EBV has not been confirmed by analysis of tumor viral EBV DNA. 12 In this study, the majority of patients had locally advanced head and neck cancer at diagnosis which is observed in countries of high-and low-resource levels alike. [13][14][15][16] Multiple factors influence the timely diagnosis of cancer in Africa such as cultural beliefs, educational level, transportation, and poverty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Clinicopathology and Treatment Patterns of Head and Neck Cancers in Ethiopia

Fekadu

Rick

Tigeneh

et al. 2022

JCO Global Oncology

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PURPOSE Head and neck cancers are the third most common cancers treated with radiation in Ethiopia. There is, however, a lack of published data on clinical and pathological characteristics and treatment patterns of head and neck cancers in the country. The objective of the study was to assess clinical and pathological characteristics and treatment patterns of head and neck cancers at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, which housed the only radiotherapy facility in Ethiopia during the study period. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study design with a simple random sampling of histologically confirmed head and neck cancers treated from 2014 to 2017 with analysis of descriptive data. RESULTS Three hundred twenty-one patient charts were analyzed in this study from a total population of 1,377 from the department cancer registry. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The median age was 45 years (interquartile range, 26-59). The most common primary site of head and neck cancers was nasopharynx (128 of 321, 40%), and the major histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma (285 of 321, 89%). Majority of the cases had advanced disease (stage III-IVC, 221 of 251, 88%), but 92% had potentially curable disease (231 of 321). Cobalt radiotherapy was used for 67% of all patients receiving treatment (184 of 273). Induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy was frequently used for curative intent patients (75 of 231, 32%). There was long duration between diagnosis and initiation of treatment, with 56% (148 of 264) waiting longer than 3 months. CONCLUSION Majority of patients with head and neck cancers seen in Ethiopia presented at advanced stage of disease, received cobalt radiotherapy, and had protracted treatment initiation. These findings underscore the need for additional investments to improve research capacity and increase the availability of high-quality radiotherapy and supportive services to deliver optimal care for patients with head and neck cancer and other cancer patients in the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“… 11 The clinical patterns of nasopharyngeal cancers in Ethiopia is consistent with intermediate-risk endemic areas; however, association with EBV has not been confirmed by analysis of tumor viral EBV DNA. 12 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathology and Treatment Patterns of Head and Neck Cancers in Ethiopia

Fekadu

Rick

Tigeneh

et al. 2022

JCO Global Oncology

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“…Similar results were found in the study by Adriana who showed 84.9% of Stage III and IV patients, and the study in Ethiopia showed 86.2%. Studies in endemic areas show 80−90% of Stage III and IV cases [17], [18]. This could indicate the difficulty of early diagnosis due to the vague symptoms that arise in the early stages [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Response to Chemoradiation and Radiation Therapy in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Susanto

Dewi

Saputri

2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a head-and-neck cancer that develops in the epithelial lining of the nasopharynx. The provision of radiotherapy and chemoradiation therapy in NPC can be evaluated by assessing the tumor response. AIM: The present study aims to determine the response in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) to radiotherapy and chemoradiation therapy. METHODOLOGY: The study design is a retrospective bivariate analytic study from the Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Society Head-Neck Surgical Oncology data registry program for the period of 2016−2021 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. A total sample of 447 patients with NPC was used, and data were processed with descriptive and bivariate analytical tests. The variables used were patient characteristics and tumor response to radiotherapy and chemoradiation therapy. The tumor response was obtained based on the results of the examination at least 3 months after the administration of therapy and categorized according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 (RECIST 1.1). RESULTS: Three hundred and eighty-three NPC patients (252 men and 131 women) underwent chemoradiation or radiation therapy, and their tumor response had been evaluated. Most patients were diagnosed at Stages III and IV and treated by chemoradiation. In total, 314 of 383 patients (82%) achieved CR (complete response), 50 patients (13.1%) achieved PR (partial response), 11 patients (2.9%) had PD (progressive disease), and 8 (2.1%) patients had SD (stable disease). There is no statistically significant difference in the type of therapy response when correlated with the each of the variables; age, sex, and educational level (p > 0.05). There is a statistically significant difference in the type of therapy response among different clinical stage groups (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Most nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in the study had a complete response (82%) for either chemoradiation or radiotherapy alone. Age, sex, and education level have no significant effect on therapy response. On the other hand, the response to therapy is significantly correlated to the clinical stage of the disease.

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“…The histological types are mostly poorly differentiated or undifferentiated carcinomas. The incidence is high in southern China and North Africa ( Beyene et al, 2021 ; Bossi et al, 2021 ). According to GLOBOCAN ( Bray et al, 2018 ), the incidence in these regions is 4–25 cases per 1,00,000 people, which is 50–100 times higher than the incidence in the rest of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are PD-1 inhibitors effective for recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma? Meta-analysis and systematic review

Yan

Ren

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Objective: For metastatic/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a controversial option. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitors in patients with metastatic/recurrent NPC.Methods: Electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of Science were manually searched until 1 July 2022, and Stata 15.0 was used to analyze the data.Result: A total of 10 studies were included, of which three were randomized controlled trials with data, and seven were single-arm studies. For randomized controlled trial (RCT) study, ORR [OR = 1.11, 95% CI (.49, 2.52); p = .812], OS [1-year OR = 1.26, 95% CI (.76, 2.08); p = .367], [2-year OR = 1.04, 95% CI (.39, 2.71); p = .928] in patients with metastatic/recurrent NPC were consistent with PD-1 inhibitor therapy and conventional chemotherapy. However, PD-1 inhibitor had higher 1-year PFS than conventional chemotherapy [OR = 2.16, 95% CI (1.26, 3.70); p = .005]. For single-arm studies, after PD-1 inhibitor therapy, the ORR of patients with recurrent/metastatic NPC reached [ES = 37%, 95 CI (17%–56%)], 1-year OS [ES = 61%, 95% CI (46%–76%)], 2-year [ES = 16%, 95% CI (6%–26%)], and 1-year PFS [ES = 16%,95% CI (12%–20%)].Conclusion: The efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy in patients with metastatic/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma was not significantly different from that of conventional chemotherapy; however, due to the limitations of the included studies, further phase III RCTs are required to corroborate our conclusion.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022342400; Identifier: CRD42022342400.

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Descriptive epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Ethiopia

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Clinicopathology and Treatment Patterns of Head and Neck Cancers in Ethiopia

Clinicopathology and Treatment Patterns of Head and Neck Cancers in Ethiopia

Assessment of Response to Chemoradiation and Radiation Therapy in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Are PD-1 inhibitors effective for recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma? Meta-analysis and systematic review

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