Descriptive analysis of the relationship between progesterone and basal body temperature across the menstrual cycle

Écochard, René; Leiva, René; Bouchard, Thomas; Böehringer, H.; Iwaz, Jean; Plotton, Ingrid

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2022.108964

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In this context, tracking of daily activities including body temperature changes over 24 h, personalized self-monitoring devices, like vaginal thermometer sensors, in-ear thermometers or wrist wearable thermometers were developed (9,16,20). Écochard and coworkers described the relationship between BBT and pregnanediol-3 alphaglucuronide (PDG, the urine metabolite of progesterone) and demonstrated the high reliability of BBT to confirm ovulation (21). In line with these findings, we were able to demonstrate the tremendous potential of continuous temperature measurement for confirmation of ovulation in more than 80% of the participants using the femSense® system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result may be explained by the fact, that the postovulatory temperature rise is not an immediate event. Écochard recently demonstrated an increase in BBT (and PDG) two to three days, on average, before ovulation itself (21). Hence, the rate of BBT increase may differ between patients and cause a delay in the detection of the postovulatory temperature rise and confirmation of ovulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Confirmation of human ovulation in assisted reproduction using an adhesive axillary thermometer (femSense®)

Weiß¹,

Strohmayer

Koele

et al. 2022

Front. Digit. Health

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ObjectiveTiming for sexual intercourse is important in achieving pregnancy in natural menstrual cycles. Different methods of detecting the fertile window have been invented, among them luteinization hormone (LH) to predict ovulation and biphasic body basal temperature (BBT) to confirm ovulation retrospectively. The gold standard to detect ovulation in gynecology practice remains transvaginal ultrasonography in combination with serum progesterone. In this study we evaluated a wearable temperature sensing patch (femSense®) using continuous body temperature measurement to confirm ovulation and determine the end of the fertile window.Methods96 participants received the femSense® system consisting of an adhesive axillary thermometer patch and a smartphone application, where patients were asked to document information about their previous 3 cycles. Based on the participants data, the app predicted the cycle length and the estimated day of ovulation. From these predictions, the most probable fertile window and the day for applying the patch were derived. Participants applied and activated the femSense® patch on the calculated date, from which the patch continuously recorded their body temperature throughout a period of up to 7 days to confirm ovulation. Patients documented their daily urinary LH test positivity, and a transvaginal ultrasound was performed on day cycle day 7, 10, 12 and 14/15 to investigate the growth of one dominant follicle. If a follicle reached 15 mm in diameter, an ultrasound examination was carried out every day consecutively until ovulation. On the day ovulation was detected, serum progesterone was measured to confirm the results of the ultrasound. The performance of femSense® was evaluated by comparing the day of ovulation confirmation with the results of ovulation prediction (LH test) and detection (transvaginal ultrasound).ResultsThe femSense® system confirmed ovulation occurrence in 60 cases (81.1%) compared to 48 predicted cases (64.9%) with the LH test (p = 0.041). Subgroup analysis revealed a positive trend for the femSense® system of specific ovulation confirmation within the fertile window of 24 h after ovulation in 42 of 74 cases (56.8%). Cycle length, therapy method or infertility reason of the patient did not influence accuracy of the femSense® system.ConclusionsThe femSense® system poses a promising alternative to the traditional BBT method and is a valuable surrogate marker to transvaginal ultrasound for confirmation of ovulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confirmation of human ovulation in assisted reproduction using an adhesive axillary thermometer (femSense®)

Weiß¹,

Strohmayer

Koele

et al. 2022

Front. Digit. Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Current Ovulation and Luteal Phase Tracking Methods and Technologies for Fertility and Family Planning: A Review

Wegrzynowicz,

Eyvazzadeh,

Beckley

2024

Semin Reprod Med

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Ovulation is critical for both conception and overall health, but many people who may ovulate are not tracking ovulation or any other part of their menstrual cycle. Failure to track ovulation, especially in those trying to conceive, can lead to fertility challenges due to absent ovulation, mistiming intercourse, or an undetected luteal phase defect. Ovulatory disorders and mistiming intercourse are both primary causes of infertility, and tracking ovulation is shown to decrease the average time to conception. While there are many tracking methods and apps available, the majority are predictive apps or ovulation predictor kits and do not test or track both successful ovulation and the health of the luteal phase, leading to missing information that could contribute to diagnosis or successful conception. Here, we review why ovulation tracking and a healthy luteal phase are important for those trying to conceive. We present currently available ovulation tracking methods that detect both ovulation and the luteal phase, including cervical mucus, urinary hormone testing, and basal body temperature, and discuss the use, advantages, and disadvantages of each. Finally, we consider the role of digital applications and tracking technologies in ovulation tracking.

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Helping Patients to Predict and Confirm Ovulation with the Use of Combined Urinary Hormonal and Smartphone Technology: A Proof-of-Concept Retrospective Descriptive Case Series

Leiva,

Ecochard

2024

Semin Reprod Med

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Smartphone-based fertility awareness methods with home-based urinary hormonal testing are gaining popularity for fertility tracking. In our university-affiliated family practice, we integrated a previously developed ovulation tracking application into a protocol for monitoring urinary sex hormones and cervical secretions. Serum progesterone was used to confirm the luteal phase, with levels ≥ 15.9 nmol/L ensuring confirmation. Data from 110 women seen for infertility treatment (n = 95) or family planning advice (n = 15) and using our ovulation prediction protocol showed that most opted for a combination of cervical mucus and luteinizing hormone testing (n = 86). Among those using it for family planning, the median usage among women spanned 56 cycles, and 13 cycles per woman required progesterone testing for confirmation. Thirteen patients are still using the method without unintended pregnancies. No unintended pregnancies occurred. Confidence in tests based on serum progesterone was high (93%). For infertility, the method helped in the identification of anovulation, evaluating treatment response, and in diagnosing subfertility causes. This proof-of-concept retrospective descriptive case series suggests the potential for smartphone-based monitoring in fertility management, urging further studies for application enhancements and prospective validation.

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Descriptive analysis of the relationship between progesterone and basal body temperature across the menstrual cycle

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Confirmation of human ovulation in assisted reproduction using an adhesive axillary thermometer (femSense®)

Confirmation of human ovulation in assisted reproduction using an adhesive axillary thermometer (femSense®)

Current Ovulation and Luteal Phase Tracking Methods and Technologies for Fertility and Family Planning: A Review

Helping Patients to Predict and Confirm Ovulation with the Use of Combined Urinary Hormonal and Smartphone Technology: A Proof-of-Concept Retrospective Descriptive Case Series

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