Description of a modular, low cost, eater meter for the study of feeding behavior and food preferences in fish

Boujard, Thierry; Dugy, Xavier; Genner, Don; Gosset, Claude; Grig, Gérard

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(92)90466-f

Cited by 66 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nevertheless, it has to be pointed out that the lack of difference in VFI between experiments A and B, with fish fed by hand or by self-feeders, suggests that VFI is not influenced by the experimental situation, and that self-feeders can be successfully used for such studies (Anthouard and Wolf, 1988;Boujard et al, 1992;Cho, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12L: 12D (lights on at 7 : 00 h), and fish were fed by means of electronic self-feeders that use a magnetic detector for the feed demands, previously described in Boujard et al (1992). The use of self-feeders was restricted to the three hours following the artificial dawn, and to the two hours that precede the artificial dusk, six days per weeks only.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of voluntary feed intake in juvenile rainbow trout fed by hand or by self-feeders with diets containing two different protein/energy ratios

Boujard

Médale

1994

Aquat. Living Resour.

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135

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The effect of increasing non-protein energy level in a 40 % protein diet on the voluntary feed intake VFI) was investigated in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were fed to satiety using two lifferent methods, hand feeding or time restricted self-feeding. Regardless of the feeding methods, the VFI ind the feed: gain ratio was always significantly higher for the fish fed the low energy diet than for those èd the high energy diet. In addition, no effect of the diet on the specific growth rate could be detected. It s concluded that fish were able to regulate with a great accuracy their feed intake when fed either by hand )r by self-feeders. This regulation was precise enough to satisfy their energy needs and led fish fed the two lifferent experimental diets to reach identical growth performance, regardless of the feeding technique.Keywords : Food conversion, feeding behaviour, feed efficiency nutsitive value, rainbow trout.Effet du rapport protéine/énergie sur l'ingéré volontaire chez la truite arc-en-ciel nourrie manuellement ou ù l'aide de distributeurs d'aliments à la demande. RésuméNous avons étudié l'effet d'une augmentation de l'énergie non-protéique dans un aliment contenant 40% de protéines sur le taux d'ingestion volontaire chez la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) immature. Les poissons étaient nourris à satiété à la main ou à l'aide de distributeurs d'aliments à la demande. La quantité d'aliments ingérés et l'indice de consommation étaient systématiquement plus élevés chez les animaux nourris avec l'aliment contenant le moins d'énergie, indépendamment de la méthode d'alimentation. De plus, aucun effet de l'aliment sur le taux de croissance n'a été détecté. Nous concluons que les poissons ont été capables de réguler leur consommation d'aliment avec une grande précision. Cette régulation a été suffisamment précise pour correspondre à leurs besoins en énergie et, a permis aux poissons nourris avec deux aliments différents d'obtenir exactement les mêmes performances de croissance, quel que soit la méthode d'alimentation utilisée.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of voluntary feed intake in juvenile rainbow trout fed by hand or by self-feeders with diets containing two different protein/energy ratios

Boujard

Médale

1994

Aquat. Living Resour.

Self Cite

135

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“…min -1 ). Each tank was equipped with a demandfeeder system (Imetronic Sarl, France), composed of a trigger placed 5 mm above the water surface, an interface that conditioned the signal from the trigger and a control software that recorded the hour and origin of the signals and controlled the feeder [16]. The feeder delivered a predetermined amount of food (around 0.5 g) after each trigger actuation.…”

Section: Diets Feeding Methods and Growth Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between dietary lipid level and voluntary feed intake, growth, nutrient gain, lipid deposition and hepatic lipogenesis in rainbow trout

Gélineau¹,

et al. 2001

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-Four diets with differing lipid contents (15,20,25 or 30% DM) were tested on small (initial body weight: 27 g) and larger (IBW: 93 g) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed on demand or by hand, respectively. In both trials, voluntary feed intake was inversely related to dietary lipid levels. Protein efficiency increased when dietary fat content increased. Final whole-body lipid content was positively related to dietary lipid levels. The main sites of lipid storage were visceral adipose tissue and to a lesser extent muscle. Increased fat deposition in the visceral cavity of young trout was due to both hyperplasic and hypertrophic responses and in larger trout mostly due to a hypertrophic response. Liver activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthetase were negatively correlated with fat intake and positively with starch intake, whereas malic enzyme was little affected by dietary treatments. rainbow trout / dietary lipid / feed intake / lipid depositionRésumé -Relation entre le taux de lipides alimentaires et l'ingestion volontaire, les performances de croissance, les dépôts lipidiques et la lipogénèse hépatique chez la truite arc-en-ciel. Quatre régimes différant par leur contenu lipidique (15, 20, 25 et 30 % MS) sont testés chez des truites arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) de petite taille (poids initial : 27 g) ou plus grandes (p.i. : 93 g) nourries respectivement à la demande ou à la main. Dans les deux cas, l'augmentation de la teneur en lipides du régime diminue l'ingestion volontaire et augmente l'efficacité protéique et le gain lipidique. La teneur corporelle finale en lipides est positivement corrélée aux taux de lipides alimentaires. Les sites principaux de stockage des lipides sont le tissu adipeux péri-viscéral et dans une moindre mesure le muscle. L'élévation des dépôts péri-viscéraux est due, chez les Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) 487-503 487

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“…The fish were then acclimated to the rearing conditions for 40 days prior to the experiment. The fish were fed expanded pellets (45% protein, 21.5% crude fat, digestible energy of 18.9 kJ g -1 dry matter), using an on-demand system based upon the one described by Boujard et al (1992). When the fish touched a rod located below the surface of the water, an electric pulse was generated, which actuated an electric feeder that released a predetermined amount of feed (1.7-1.9 g).…”

Section: Fish and Rearing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on growth, food utilisation and metabolism of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Dosdat

2003

Aquatic Living Resources

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The chronic effects of exposing sea bass (average initial weight 100 g) to ammonia in water at 22°C were first evaluated over a 61-day period (period 1, P1) during which nine different groups were submitted to nine ambient ammonia levels ranging from 0.014 to 0.493 mg l -1 NH 3 -N (0.53-16.11 mg l -1 total ammonia nitrogen (TA-N)) and fed using self-feeders. At the end of P1, the fish were starved for 10 days (P2). Their recovery capacity was tested over 43 days (P3) after which the exogenous ammonia supply was stopped in all treatments and the fish were allowed to feed. After 20 days of exposure a highly significant effect of ammonia was evident from the decrease in feeding activity, voluntary feed intake (VFI) and specific growth rate (SGR), and the increase in the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Ammonia exposure had no effect on circadian feeding rhythm or hourly actuation profiles. At the end of P1, the fish seemed to have adapted to all ambient ammonia concentrations tested since feeding and growth parameters were independent of ammonia levels. But they were unable to compensate for growth losses. Physiological adjustments were observed: plasma TA-N concentrations were positively related to ambient TA-N while there was no major disturbance in plasma urea. Plasma tri-iodo-thyronine concentrations were affected by ambient ammonia concentrations and there were no significant changes in hydromineral balance. During P2, oxygen consumption and urea excretion did appear to have been affected by ambient ammonia. When the exogenous supply of ammonia was stopped (P3), fish exhibited hyperphagia and compensatory growth. In fish previously exposed to the highest ammonia levels, SGR and VFI were highest, and their FCR was improved. At the end of the experiment the final average weights were similar in all of the treatments (range 337-396 g). Depending on the concentrations used, ammonia exposure may enhance subsequent fish appetite and growth rate and have a similar effect on growth performances as restricting feeding level. Within the range tested, no detrimental effect of ammonia on the metabolic capacity of the fish, measured by oxygen consumption and urea excretion, or on their physiological status was recorded, and the fish had a good recovery capacity. In the conditions of the experiment, the non-observable effect concentration (NOEC) was 6 mg l -1 .

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Description of a modular, low cost, eater meter for the study of feeding behavior and food preferences in fish

Cited by 66 publications

References 16 publications

Regulation of voluntary feed intake in juvenile rainbow trout fed by hand or by self-feeders with diets containing two different protein/energy ratios

Regulation of voluntary feed intake in juvenile rainbow trout fed by hand or by self-feeders with diets containing two different protein/energy ratios

Relation between dietary lipid level and voluntary feed intake, growth, nutrient gain, lipid deposition and hepatic lipogenesis in rainbow trout

Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on growth, food utilisation and metabolism of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

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