Description and Interpretation of Sanctum Laurentiensis, New Ichnogenus and Ichnospecies, a Domichnium Mined Into Late Ordovician (Cincinnatian) Ramose Bryozoan Colonies

Erickson, J. Mark; Bouchard, Timothy D.

doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2003)077<1002:daiosl>2.0.co;2

Cited by 15 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…3B) than the borings in the hemispherical colonies which have a more random orientation. The traces in the erect ramose bryozoans are referable to Sanctum Erickson & Bouchard, 2003, although unlike Sanctum previously diagnosed, may have had more than one opening to chambers (Fig. 3A).…”

Section: Identification Of the Estonian Boringsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Another potential threat to the colonies, at least the ramose ones, was the effect of borings on the structural integrity of the colony. Erickson & Bouchard (2003) argued that bored out endozones in ramose colonies could compromise the strength of ramose branches leading to breakage. This is certainly possible, but any potential effect is lessened by the fact that the strength of ramose branches comes from their exozone width and branch width, not the endozone skeletal material (Key 1991).…”

Section: Observations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1978; Palmer 1982; Wilson & Palmer 2006). Sanctum certainly is part of the revolution as it is first reported in the Upper Ordovician (Erickson & Bouchard 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Borings made in Lower Palaeozoic bryozoans, particularly in the trepostome genera Diplotrypa Nicholson, 1879 and Prasopora Nicholson & Etheridge, 1877, have been assigned to various ichnogenera including Trypanites Mägdefrau, 1932; Palaeosabella Clarke, 1921; Vermiforichnus Cameron, 1969a; Petroxestes Wilson & Palmer, 1988; and most recently Sanctum Erickson & Bouchard, 2003. From the Cincinnatian of Ohio, Palmer & Wilson (1988) described the unusual trace fossil Catellocaula which they found on the trepostome Amplexopora , but this they showed to be a pseudoboring, recently recognized as a bioclaustration (Tapanila 2005).…”

Section: Identification Of the Estonian Boringsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For bioerosion traces such as borings, substrate is crucial as well (Bertling et al 2006). This is illustrated in the ichnogenus Sanctum as it is partly defined by its substrate, that is bryozoans with distinct exozones and endozones (Erickson & Bouchard 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Borings in trepostome bryozoans from the Ordovician of Estonia: two ichnogenera produced by a single maker, a case of host morphology control

Jackson

Key

2007

LET

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Key, M.M., Jr. 2007: Borings in trepostome bryozoans from the Ordovician of Estonia: two ichnogenera produced by a single maker, a case of host morphology control. Lethaia , Vol. 40, The evolution of borings has shown that the morphology of borings is a function of both the borer and its substrate. This study investigated the effect of bryozoan internal skeletal morphology on the dimensions and distribution of borings. One hundred and forty-three trepostome colonies from the Middle and Upper Ordovician strata of northern Estonia were examined. Of these, 80% were matrix entombed, longitudinally sectioned ramose and hemispherical colonies, and 20% were matrix-free hemispherical colonies that allowed examination of the colony surfaces. Seventy-one percent of the ramose colonies were bored, whereas 88% of the hemispherical colonies were bored. On average, only 8% of colony surface areas were bored out. Borings were more randomly oriented in the hemispherical colonies. In contrast in the ramose colonies, the borings tended to more restricted to the thin-walled endozone and thus parallel to the branch axis. This is interpreted to be a function of the thick-walled exozones controlling to some extent where the borer could bore. Based on morphology, the borings in the hemispherical colonies are referred to Trypanites and those in the ramose colonies to Sanctum . Sanctum is revised to include two possible openings and to recognize that boring shapes were inherently constrained by the thick-walled exozones of the host bryozoan colonies. Both trace fossils were probably produced by a boring polychaete that used the tubes as domiciles. ᮀ Estonia, Ichnotaxa, Ordovician, Sanctum, trace fossils, Trypanites. Patrick N. Wyse Jackson [wysjcknp@tcd.ie],

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Section: Identification Of the Estonian Boringsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Observations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1978; Palmer 1982; Wilson & Palmer 2006). Sanctum certainly is part of the revolution as it is first reported in the Upper Ordovician (Erickson & Bouchard 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Identification Of the Estonian Boringsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Borings in trepostome bryozoans from the Ordovician of Estonia: two ichnogenera produced by a single maker, a case of host morphology control

Jackson

Key

2007

LET

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References

2020

Bryozoan Paleobiology

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Two almost‐forgotten Trypanites ichnospecies names for the most common Palaeozoic macroboring

Knaust

Dronov

Toom

2023

Papers in Palaeontology

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Trypanites is the most common macroboring with a global occurrence throughout the Phanerozoic and is the eponym of the Trypanites ichnofacies. It has great value for the recognition of discontinuity and hiatal surfaces on top of carbonate hardgrounds. Four ichnospecies of this ichnogenus are currently regarded as valid, while a characteristic fifth form from the early Palaeozoic is frequently reported in open nomenclature. The latter commonly occurs in lithic hardgrounds and skeletal hard substrates (such as stromatoporoids, bryozoans and corals) in Ordovician and Silurian carbonates of the Baltic region. A review of the old literature found that this ichnospecies has previously been introduced twice, as Trypanites sozialis Eisenack from a Silurian erratic boulder found on the Sambia Peninsula near Kaliningrad (now Russia), and as T. keilaensis Orviku from the Ordovician of Estonia. Both ichnospecies became forgotten names for unknown reasons. A morphometric analysis of the type material and topotype specimens indicates gradational transitions between both ichnospecies, rendering T. sozialis as the senior synonym of T. keilaensis. A lectotype from the type series of both ichnospecies is defined and additional material from Ordovician and Silurian carbonates of Estonia and Russia is described and illustrated to show the morphological and morphometric variation of this important bioerosion trace fossil. To enable interspecies comparison, a lectotype of the type ichnospecies of Trypanites, T. weisei M€ agdefrau, is selected. Trypanites sozialis is a common boring in Cambrian to Devonian hardgrounds and occurs on the palaeocontinents of Baltica, Laurentia and Gondwana.

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Description and Interpretation of Sanctum Laurentiensis, New Ichnogenus and Ichnospecies, a Domichnium Mined Into Late Ordovician (Cincinnatian) Ramose Bryozoan Colonies

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Borings in trepostome bryozoans from the Ordovician of Estonia: two ichnogenera produced by a single maker, a case of host morphology control

Borings in trepostome bryozoans from the Ordovician of Estonia: two ichnogenera produced by a single maker, a case of host morphology control

References

Two almost‐forgotten Trypanites ichnospecies names for the most common Palaeozoic macroboring

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