Description and DNA barcoding of a new Iberian species of Pijnackeria (Scali, 2009) from Sierra Nevada, Spain (Phasmida: Diapheromeridae)

Valero, Pablo; Ortiz, A. S.

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4058.4.5

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…For the outgroup, we further included two species of Embioptera, which were repeatedly recovered as the sister group of Phasmatodea 4,30,53,116 . Our gene sampling comprised three nuclear (18S, 28S, H3) and four mitochondrial loci (12S, 16S, COI, COII) of which data for numerous specimens were already available on GenBank 30,51,52,67,76,85,86,97,[117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126] . Additionally, we generated new data for 194 specimens following the protocol given by Bank et al 76 with primers adopted from Buckley et al 117 and Robertson et al 52 (see Bank et al 76 ) and deposited the sequences in GenBank (Supplementary file 13).…”

Section: Taxon and Gene Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea)

Bank

Bradler

2021

Preprint

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The re-evolution of complex characters is generally considered impossible, yet, studies of recent years have provided several examples of phenotypic reversals shown to violate Dollo's law. Along these lines, the regain of wings in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea) was hypothesised to have occurred several times independently after an ancestral loss, a scenario controversially discussed among evolutionary biologists. Here, we revisit the recovery of wings by reconstructing a phylogeny based on a comprehensive taxon sample of over 500 representative phasmatodean species to infer the evolutionary history of wings. We additionally explored the presence of ocelli, the photoreceptive organs used for flight stabilisation in winged insects, which might provide further information for interpreting flight evolution. Our findings support an ancestral loss of wings and that the ancestors of most major lineages were wingless. While the evolution of ocelli was estimated to be dependent on the presence of (fully-developed) wings, ocelli are nevertheless absent in the majority of all examined winged species and only appear in the members of few subordinate clades, albeit winged and volant taxa are found in every lineage. The disjunct distribution of ocelli substantiates the hypothesis on trait reacquisition and that wings were regained in Phasmatodea.

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Section: Taxon and Gene Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea)

Bank

Bradler

2021

Preprint

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The puzzling taxonomic rank of Pijnackeria hispanica, a chimerical hybrid androgen (Insecta, Phasmida)

et al. 2020

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The stick-insect genus Pijnackeria includes four diploid bisexual and two polyploid (3n, 38 4n) parthenogenetic species. Earlier analyses of the tetraploid parthenogen P. hispanica 39 using mitochondrial markers allowed to trace its maternal ancestry to Pijnackeria 40 originis, while no maternal nuclear contribution was found, thus suggesting an 41 androgenetic and hybrid origin. The recently described Pijnackeria recondita-42showing, among other features, a specific antennal structure linking it to the tetraploid 43 parthenogen-prompted us to check whether the new species could be P. hispanica 44 unknown paternal ancestor. In this work we use karyology and of molecular analysis of 45 the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (cox2), and the nuclear gene 46 elongation factor 1 subunit α (ef1-α) to investigate the origin of such a complex 47 tetraploid hybrid parthenogen. 48The molecular analysis supported P. recondita as being a paternal ancestor of the P. 49 hispanica, but also suggested that two more fathering species have to be taken into 50 account: P. barbarae and the unknown paternal ancestor of the triploid hybrid P. 51 masettii. Therefore, P. hispanica is apparently a polyphyletic chimeric androgen, which 52 we propose to indicate as an androgenetic complex. Our data also revealed that P. 53 hispanica is between 1.96 Myr and 3.31 Myr old, making it the oldest parthenogenetic 54 taxon discovered among insects.

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A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea)

Bank

Bradler

2022

BMC Ecol Evo

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Background The re-evolution of complex characters is generally considered impossible, yet, studies of recent years have provided several examples of phenotypic reversals shown to violate Dollo’s law. Along these lines, the regain of wings in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea) was hypothesised to have occurred several times independently after an ancestral loss, a scenario controversially discussed among evolutionary biologists due to overestimation of the potential for trait reacquisition as well as to the lack of taxonomic data. Results We revisited the recovery of wings by reconstructing a phylogeny based on a comprehensive taxon sample of over 500 representative phasmatodean species to infer the evolutionary history of wings. We additionally explored the presence of ocelli, the photoreceptive organs used for flight stabilisation in winged insects, which might provide further information for interpreting flight evolution. Our findings support an ancestral loss of wings and that the ancestors of most major lineages were wingless. While the evolution of ocelli was estimated to be dependent on the presence of (fully-developed) wings, ocelli are nevertheless absent in the majority of all examined winged species and only appear in the members of few subordinate clades, albeit winged and volant taxa are found in every euphasmatodean lineage. Conclusion In this study, we explored the evolutionary history of wings in Phasmatodea and demonstrate that the disjunct distribution of ocelli substantiates the hypothesis on their regain and thus on trait reacquisition in general. Evidence from the fossil record as well as future studies focussing on the underlying genetic mechanisms are needed to validate our findings and to further assess the evolutionary process of phenotypic reversals.

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Description and DNA barcoding of a new Iberian species of Pijnackeria (Scali, 2009) from Sierra Nevada, Spain (Phasmida: Diapheromeridae)

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea)

A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea)

The puzzling taxonomic rank of Pijnackeria hispanica, a chimerical hybrid androgen (Insecta, Phasmida)

A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea)

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