Descending-sigmoid colon flexure – An important but surprisingly ignored landmark

Woźniak, Sławomir; Pawluś, Aleksander; Grzelak, Joanna; Chobotow, Slawomir; Paulsen, Friedrich; Olchowy, Cyprian; Zaleska-Dorobisz, Urszula

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151821

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For example, the knowledge can be used during mobilizations of the flexures during surgery, both on the left and right sides (Kennedy et al, 2008; Petropoulou & Amin 2019). The flexures between the descending colon and sigmoid colon (Wozniak et al, 2022) and sigmoid colon and rectum (Massalou et al, 2018) are also of clinical importance, when understanding the reasons described above.…”

Section: Discussion and Proposal For Simplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Flexures and bends of the large intestine: Current terminology and a suggestion to simplify it”

2022

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There are a number of inconsistencies in the description of the bends of the colon down to the anus. This is historically based on the fact that anatomists saw the colon in its position in the abdominal cavity down to the pelvis and thus from the “outside” and also described it in this way. This view is still useful in clinical practice today (e.g. for the abdominal surgeons). For the greater part of clinicians, however, the view has shifted due to modern endoscopy. This allows examiners to see the terminal section of the intestine and the colon from the “inside”. To accommodate both “ways of looking” in terms of modern medicine, we have been guided by today's clinical needs, and here we attempt to reconcile these with the historically evolved anatomical terms to create a nomenclature that meets all the needs of students, anatomists and clinicians looking at the large intestine from the inside and outside. With this in mind, we propose to speak of colic flexures (right colic flexure = RCF = hepatic flexure, flexura coli sinistra; left colic flexure = LCF = splenic flexure, flexura coli dextra; descending‐sigmoid flexure = DSF; sigmoid‐rectum flexure = SRF) for the colon (colon). For the rectum (rectum), we suggest the term bend (superior, intermediate and inferior) when viewed in the frontal plane, the term curvature (sacral curvature; anorectal curvature = perineal curvature) when viewed in the sagittal plane.

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Section: Discussion and Proposal For Simplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flexure was described as acute bend (angle not greater than 90°) in about one-third of the subjects, and not greater than 120° in two-thirds (Wozniak et al, 2022). Other authors used the name colosigmoid junction (Shafik et al, 2009).…”

Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“Flexures and bends of the large intestine: Current terminology and a suggestion to simplify it”

2022

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“…The examinations were performed in 2018. The same group of patients was used for the analysis of the position of the descending-sigmoid flexure in the abdominal cavity (Wozniak et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute colonic flexures: the basis for developing an artificial intelligence-based tool for predicting the course of colonoscopy

et al. 2022

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Tortuosity of the colon is an important parameter for predicting the course of colonoscopy. Computed tomography scans of the abdominal cavity were performed in 224 (94 female, 130 male) adult subjects. The number of acute (angle not exceeding 90°) bends between adjacent colonic segments was noted and analyzed. Data were analyzed for correlation with gender, age, height and weight. An artificial intelligence algorithm was proposed to predict the course of colonoscopy. We determined the number of acute flexions in females to be 9.74 ± 2.5 (min–max: 4–15) and in males to be 8.7 ± 2.75 (min–max: 4–20). In addition, more acute flexions were found in women than in men and in older women (after 60 years) and men (after 80 years) than in younger ones. We found the greatest variability in the number of acute flexures in the sigmoid colon (0–9), but no correlation was found between the number of acute flexures and age, gender, height or BMI. In the transverse colon, older and female subjects had more flexures than younger and male subjects, respectively. Older subjects had more acute flexures in the descending colon than younger subjects. There are opportunities to use the number of acute flexures (4–7, 8–12, more than 12 flexures) to classify patients into appropriate risk categories for future incomplete colonoscopy. On this basis, we predicted troublesome colonoscopies in 14.9% female and in 6.1% male subjects.

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Descending-sigmoid colon flexure – An important but surprisingly ignored landmark

Cited by 2 publications

References 35 publications

“Flexures and bends of the large intestine: Current terminology and a suggestion to simplify it”

“Flexures and bends of the large intestine: Current terminology and a suggestion to simplify it”

Acute colonic flexures: the basis for developing an artificial intelligence-based tool for predicting the course of colonoscopy

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