Desalination by Reverse Osmosis

Sherwood, T. K.; Brian, P. L. T.; Fisher, R.E.

doi:10.1021/i160021a001

Cited by 239 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The solution diffusion model of Lonsdale et al (1965) has been modified by Sherwood et al (1967) by addressing the shortcomings of the solution diffusion model including; the convection effect (pore flow) and solute-solvent-membrane interactions. Sherwood et al (1967) have assumed the existence of small imperfections or pores over the membrane surface where the solutes are convectively transported without any change of concentration.…”

Section: The Sherwood Et Al Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sherwood et al (1967) have assumed the existence of small imperfections or pores over the membrane surface where the solutes are convectively transported without any change of concentration.…”

Section: The Sherwood Et Al Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, one of the inadequacies of Sherwood et al (1967) model is that it contains three parameters that should be addressed by nonlinear regression. Also, the permeability coefficients are considered as constants, which is actually varied from point to point along the membrane surface due to spatial variation of concentration and pressure.…”

Section: The Sherwood Et Al Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yaroshchuk (1995) has modified the solution diffusion imperfection model of Sherwood et al (1967) by arguing that the solute transport through the pore needs particular correction. This is because that the solute transport is carried out by simultaneous convection and diffusion which illustrates nonlinear solute concentration along the pore.…”

Section: The Yaroshchuk Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Scope and limitations of the irreversible thermodynamics and the solution diffusion models for the separation of binary and multi-component systems in reverse osmosis process

Al‐Obaidi

Kara-Zaïtri

Mujtaba

2017

Computers & Chemical Engineering

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Reverse osmosis process is used in many industrial applications ranging from solute-solvent to solvent-solvent and gaseous separation. A number of theoretical models have been developed to describe the separation and fluxes of solvent and solute in such processes. This paper looks into the scope and limitations of two main models (the irreversible thermodynamics and the solution diffusion models) used in the past by several researchers for solute-solvent feed separation. Despite the investigation of other complex models, the simple concepts of these models accelerate the feasibility of the implementation of reverse osmosis for different types of systems and variety of industries. Briefly, an extensive review of these mathematical models is conducted by collecting more than 70 examples from literature in this study. In addition, this review has covered the improvement of such models to make them compatible with multi-component systems with consideration of concentration polarization and solvent-solute-membrane interaction.

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Section: The Sherwood Et Al Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Sherwood Et Al Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Sherwood Et Al Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Yaroshchuk Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Scope and limitations of the irreversible thermodynamics and the solution diffusion models for the separation of binary and multi-component systems in reverse osmosis process

Al‐Obaidi

Kara-Zaïtri

Mujtaba

2017

Computers & Chemical Engineering

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“…Numerous glucose diffusion studies have been reported for a vast number of applications ranging from TE (Hannoun and Stephanopoulos 1986, Weng et al 2005, Rong et al 2006, Papenburg et al 2007, Jin et al 2010, Podichetty et al 2014, diabetes management (Maier et al 1994, Wang and Musameh 2003, Boss et al 2012, modern laser medicine (Chance et al 1995, Liu et al 1996, Tuchin et al 1997, Wang 2000, Vargas et al 2001, Yao et al 2002, Bashkatov et al 2003, pharmaceutics (Andersson et al 1997), chemical engineering, filtration (Yaroshchuk et al 2011, Adams et al 2013), oil and fat industry (Miyagi et al 2012), and water desalination (Lonsdale et al 1965, Sherwood et al 1967. A review of these studies suggests that a number of different techniques could be applied to measure glucose concentration or diffusivity as discussed below.…”

Section: Measurements Of Glucose Concentration or Diffusivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose diffusion in tissue engineering membranes and scaffolds

Suhaimi

Das

2016

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

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Tissue engineering has evolved into an exciting area of research due to its potential in regenerative medicine. The shortage of organ donors as well as incompatibility between patient and donor pose an alarming concern. This has resulted in an interest in regenerative therapy where the importance of understanding the transport properties of critical nutrients such as glucose in numerous tissue engineering membranes and scaffolds is crucial. This is due to its dependency on successful tissue growth as a measure of potential cure for health issues that cannot be healed using traditional medical treatments. In this regard, the diffusion of glucose in membranes and scaffolds that act as templates to support cell growth must be well grasped. Keeping this in mind, this review paper aims to discuss the glucose diffusivity of these materials. The paper reviews four interconnected issues, namely, (i) the glucose diffusion in tissue engineering materials, (ii) porosity and tortuosity of these materials, (iii) the relationship between microstructure of the material and diffusion, and (iv) estimation of glucose diffusivities in liquids, which determine the effective diffusivities in the porous membranes or scaffolds. It is anticipated that the review paper would help improve the understanding of the transport properties of glucose in membranes and scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.

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Reverse Osmosis

Kucera

2017

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Reverse osmosis is a membrane‐based separation technology, which was developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s, with rapid advancements in the technology through the 1980s. A highly effective and cost‐efficient technology, reverse osmosis is used industrially for desalination of seawater and brackish water, wastewater recovery and reuse, municipal drinking water treatment, and other applications. Membrane materials and types of modules used in reverse osmosis, as well as theoretical and operational aspects, general design considerations, and economics are reviewed in this article. A discussion of membrane transport theory, flux‐limiting conditions caused by concentration polarization, and membrane fouling is also included.

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Desalination by Reverse Osmosis

Cited by 239 publications

References 6 publications

Scope and limitations of the irreversible thermodynamics and the solution diffusion models for the separation of binary and multi-component systems in reverse osmosis process

Scope and limitations of the irreversible thermodynamics and the solution diffusion models for the separation of binary and multi-component systems in reverse osmosis process

Glucose diffusion in tissue engineering membranes and scaffolds

Reverse Osmosis

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