Desalination brine disposal methods and treatment technologies - A review

Panagopoulos, Argyris; Haralambous, K.J.; Loizidou, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.351

Cited by 481 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…However, novel brine management methods at low environmental impact are oriented by (near) ZLD strategies towards waste disposal minimisation and resources (water and others) recovery [488][489][490]. Membrane processes are under study for this aim [1,[488][489][490]. In particular, ED techniques may recover water and salt (Section 6.1), acid and base (Section 6.2), or energy (Section 6.3).…”

Section: Waste Brine From Desalination or Ion Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodialysis Applications in Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Protection and Resources Recovery: A Systematic Review on Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a comprehensive review of studies on electrodialysis (ED) applications in wastewater treatment, outlining the current status and the future prospect. ED is a membrane process of separation under the action of an electric field, where ions are selectively transported across ion-exchange membranes. ED of both conventional or unconventional fashion has been tested to treat several waste or spent aqueous solutions, including effluents from various industrial processes, municipal wastewater or salt water treatment plants, and animal farms. Properties such as selectivity, high separation efficiency, and chemical-free treatment make ED methods adequate for desalination and other treatments with significant environmental benefits. ED technologies can be used in operations of concentration, dilution, desalination, regeneration, and valorisation to reclaim wastewater and recover water and/or other products, e.g., heavy metal ions, salts, acids/bases, nutrients, and organics, or electrical energy. Intense research activity has been directed towards developing enhanced or novel systems, showing that zero or minimal liquid discharge approaches can be techno-economically affordable and competitive. Despite few real plants having been installed, recent developments are opening new routes for the large-scale use of ED techniques in a plethora of treatment processes for wastewater.

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Section: Waste Brine From Desalination or Ion Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodialysis Applications in Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Protection and Resources Recovery: A Systematic Review on Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2020

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“…RO brines, especially inland brines, still require appropriate management solutions [ 197 ]. Conventional disposal options for concentrate include surface water discharge, discharge to the WW treatment plant, deep well injection, evaporation ponds and land application [ 198 ]. However, these brine disposal methods are unsustainable and restricted by high capital costs.…”

Section: Applications Of Fo As Concentrating Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forward Osmosis as Concentration Process: Review of Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2020

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In the past few years, osmotic membrane systems, such as forward osmosis (FO), have gained popularity as “soft” concentration processes. FO has unique properties by combining high rejection rate and low fouling propensity and can be operated without significant pressure or temperature gradient, and therefore can be considered as a potential candidate for a broad range of concentration applications where current technologies still suffer from critical limitations. This review extensively compiles and critically assesses recent considerations of FO as a concentration process for applications, including food and beverages, organics value added compounds, water reuse and nutrients recovery, treatment of waste streams and brine management. Specific requirements for the concentration process regarding the evaluation of concentration factor, modules and design and process operation, draw selection and fouling aspects are also described. Encouraging potential is demonstrated to concentrate streams more than 20-fold with high rejection rate of most compounds and preservation of added value products. For applications dealing with highly concentrated or complex streams, FO still features lower propensity to fouling compared to other membranes technologies along with good versatility and robustness. However, further assessments on lab and pilot scales are expected to better define the achievable concentration factor, rejection and effective concentration of valuable compounds and to clearly demonstrate process limitations (such as fouling or clogging) when reaching high concentration rate. Another important consideration is the draw solution selection and its recovery that should be in line with application needs (i.e., food compatible draw for food and beverage applications, high osmotic pressure for brine management, etc.) and be economically competitive.

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“…Brine reject is the major wastewater stream from the MSF desalination plant and contains around 80 g/L of total dissolved solids (TDS), antifoaming, antiscalant and other chemicals [24]. Seawater pollution related to brine discharge has been reported in the literature and yet there is no mitigation action taken to reduce it.…”

Section: Environmental Benefits Of Brine Reject-tse Salinity Gradientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Thermal Desalination Brine Reject-Sewage Effluent Salinity Gradient for Power Generation and Dilution of Brine Reject

Altaee

AlZainati

2020

Energies

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Salinity gradient resource presents an essential role for power generated in the process of pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO). Researchers proposed several designs for coupling the PRO process with the desalination plants, particularly reverse osmosis technology for low-cost desalination but there is no study available yet on the utilization of the concentrated brine reject from a thermal desalination plant. This study evaluates the feasibility of power generation in the PRO process using thermal plant brine reject-tertiary sewage effluent (TSE) salinity gradient resource. Power generation in the PRO process was determined for several commercially available FO membranes. Water flux in Oasys Forward Osmosis membrane was more than 31 L/m2h while the average water flux in the Oasys module was 17 L/m2h. The specific power generation was higher in the thin film composite (TFC) membranes compared to the cellulose triacetate (CTA) membranes. The specific power generation for the Oasys membrane was 0.194 kWh/m3, which is 41% of the maximum Gibbs energy of the brine reject-TSE salinity gradient. However, the Hydration Technology Innovation CTA membrane extracted only 0.133 kWh/m3 or 28% of Gibbs free energy of mixing for brine reject-TSE salinity gradient. The study reveals the potential of the brine reject-TSE salinity gradient resource for power generation and the dilution of brine reject.

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Desalination brine disposal methods and treatment technologies - A review

Cited by 481 publications

References 194 publications

Electrodialysis Applications in Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Protection and Resources Recovery: A Systematic Review on Progress and Perspectives

Electrodialysis Applications in Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Protection and Resources Recovery: A Systematic Review on Progress and Perspectives

Forward Osmosis as Concentration Process: Review of Opportunities and Challenges

Novel Thermal Desalination Brine Reject-Sewage Effluent Salinity Gradient for Power Generation and Dilution of Brine Reject

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