Des restes de chiens magdaléniens à l’abri du Morin (Gironde, France). Implications socio-économiques d’une innovation zootechnique

Boudadi‐Maligne, Myriam; Mallye, Jean‐Baptiste; Langlais, Mathieu; Barshay-Szmidt, Carolin C.

doi:10.4000/paleo.2260

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Earlier potential dog domestication attempts may be represented by canid remains from Northern and Eastern Europe, and Russia 6 – 9 , 13 – 15 , even if their attribution to dogs or wolves is debated 5 , 10 , 16 – 20 . The earliest archaeological specimens unequivocally attributed to dogs lived around 16,000 years ago 21 – 23 , and were related to Magdalenian contexts in Western Europe. Available genetic evidence suggests that the domestication process leading to the current diversity of dogs took place in Europe 12 , even if a possible second event of domestication may also have occurred in Eastern Asia 5 , 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evidence for “incipient dogs” and “proto-dogs” dated to between about 36,000 and 26,000 years ago, have been criticised 6 – 11 , and the peculiar cranial morphological features, considered as the proof of domestication, were also found in extinct wolf ecomorphs 62 . Even if some scholars pointed to the possible benefits of cynegetics 23 , behavioural studies on dogs revealed that breeds intensively selected in modern times for carrying out peculiar tasks are more skilled in using human social and communicative behaviour than wolves and “primitive”, less selected breeds 63 , 64 . It is still controversial whether earliest Palaeolithic dogs were able to interact with humans at a level sufficient to play a key role in subsistence strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The first evidence for Late Pleistocene dogs in Italy

Boschin

Bernardini

Pilli

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The identification of the earliest dogs is challenging because of the absence and/or mosaic pattern of morphological diagnostic features in the initial phases of the domestication process. Furthermore, the natural occurrence of some of these characters in Late Pleistocene wolf populations and the time it took from the onset of traits related to domestication to their prevalence remain indefinite. For these reasons, the spatiotemporal context of the early domestication of dogs is hotly debated. Our combined molecular and morphological analyses of fossil canid remains from the sites of Grotta Paglicci and Grotta Romanelli, in southern Italy, attest of the presence of dogs at least 14,000 calibrated years before present. This unambiguously documents one of the earliest occurrence of domesticates in the Upper Palaeolithic of Europe and in the Mediterranean. The genetic affinity between the Palaeolithic dogs from southern Italy and contemporaneous ones found in Germany also suggest that these animals were an important common adjunct during the Late Glacial, when strong cultural diversification occurred between the Mediterranean world and European areas north of the Alps. Additionally, aDNA analyses indicate that this Upper Palaeolithic dog lineage from Italy may have contributed to the genetic diversity of living dogs. Dogs were the first animals domesticated by humans, long before the advent of agriculture 1. Besides occupying a special place in our present day lives, dogs had important functional and symbolic roles throughout human history. However, the spatiotemporal context of their early domestication is debated from both archaeological and genetic perspectives: there is scant consensus on the location of first domestication centres, and the presence of one or more domestication events 1-5 , as well as a debate on the correct identification of the oldest archaeological specimens considered to represent dogs 6-11. Latest genetic models suggest the presence of dogs in Europe at least 15,000 years ago, and a divergence between dogs and wolves between about 20,000 and 40,000 years ago 5,12. Earlier potential dog domestication attempts may be represented by canid remains from Northern and Eastern Europe, and Russia 6-9,13-15 , even if their attribution to dogs or wolves is debated 5,10,16-20. The earliest archaeological specimens unequivocally attributed to dogs lived around 16,000 years ago 21-23 , and were related to Magdalenian contexts in Western Europe. Available genetic evidence suggests that the domestication process

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first evidence for Late Pleistocene dogs in Italy

Boschin

Bernardini

Pilli

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Four of the other six dogs with comparable age are those excavated in Le Morin (Boudadi‐Maligne et al . ), Montespan (Pionnier‐Capitan et al . ), Le Closeau (Pionnier‐Capitan et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long before DNA‐technology became available, bone remains of Canis lupus were examined by osteoarchaeologists who tried to differentiate between wolf and dog based on three morphological methods: (1) the obvious visual differences in form (morphology) (Olsen & Olsen ), (2) the obvious or measurable differences in size (morphometry) (Benecke , Boudadi‐Maligne & Escarguel , Boudadi‐Maligne et al . , Napierala & Uerpmann ), and (3) very recently, geometric morphometrics has been used to examine and define differences in shape that are not obvious on sight and need to be evaluated by the use of landmarks (Bookstein , Drake , Drake et al . , Lawing & Polly , Pionnier‐Capitan ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oldest case yet reported of osteoarthritis in a dog: an archaeological and radiological evaluation

Janssens¹,

Street²,

Miller

et al. 2016

J of Small Animal Practice

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A century ago the remains of a dog skeleton were found in an archaeological double human burial, near Bonn-Oberkassel (Germany). Recent re-examination of the dog remains revealed that they were about 14,500 years old. Based on the growth plates, the animal was considered to be approximately 7·5 months old at the time of death. Based on the minimal humeral diameter, it was calculated that it was approximately 0·47 m tall at the shoulder and weighed approximately 15·7 kg. The right proximal ulna of this skeleton showed osteoarthritis, manifested by an osteophyte of 5×3×1·5 mm at its cranial edge, with no identified primary developmental causes for osteoarthritis. Osteochondritis dissecans, joint incongruity and trauma are possible aetiologies. The left ulna did not reveal any abnormalities.

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“…The timing of this innovation is still debated, but we now consider that dogs lived with humans for at least the last 15,000 years (Boudadi‐Maligne & Escarguel, ; Janssens, Perri, Crombé, Van Dongen, & Lawler, ; Perri, ; Pionnier‐Capitan et al, ). Several recently re‐evaluated Western European Upper Palaeolithic sites (Boudadi‐Maligne, Bonnet‐Jacquement, Langlais, Ferrié, & Mallye, ; Boudadi‐Maligne, Mallye, Langlais, & Barshay‐Szmidt, ; Janssens et al, ; Napierala & Uerpmann, ; Pionnier‐Capitan et al, ) have produced small canid remains, including the Grotte‐abri du Moulin in Southwestern France.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The earliest double dog deposit in the Palaeolithic record: The case of the Azilian level of Grotte‐abri du Moulin (Troubat, France)

Boudadi‐Maligne

Mallye

Ferrié³

et al. 2020

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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It is now largely accepted that the wolf was the first animal to be domesticated during Pleistocene time. Although the exact timing of this event is still the subject of considerable debate, it is generally agreed upon that dogs lived side-by-side with humans for at least the last 15,000 years. Recent discoveries from the "Grotte-abri du Moulin" (Troubat, France) provide crucial new information as to our understanding of the relationships between humans and dogs during prehistory. The site produced a deep stratigraphic sequence demonstrating that the cave was occupied from the Middle Magdalenian (ca. 17.5 ky cal BP) to the Sauveterrian period (ca. 9.5 ky cal BP). Faunal remains from layer 6, attributed to the Azilian culture, included a small Canis. The biometric study of these remains is fully consistent with their attribution to the dog (Canis familiaris). A total of 147 dog remains were isolated and represent a minimum of two individuals. These remains were recovered from a restricted space and several skeletal elements remained in anatomical connection or in loose connection. The most labile elements were only slightly dispersed and there is no evidence of human or carnivore modification on these bones. Direct radiocarbon dates obtained from a complete tibia demonstrate the dog remains to be contemporaneous with the Azilian occupation of the cave. The Grotte-abri du Moulin evidence represents, therefore, the earliest known occurrence of an intentional double dog deposit and evidence for a particularly close relationship between Azilian groups and their dogs.

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Des restes de chiens magdaléniens à l’abri du Morin (Gironde, France). Implications socio-économiques d’une innovation zootechnique

Abstract: Des restes de chiens magdaléniens à l'abri du Morin (Gironde, France). Implic...

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

The first evidence for Late Pleistocene dogs in Italy

The first evidence for Late Pleistocene dogs in Italy

The oldest case yet reported of osteoarthritis in a dog: an archaeological and radiological evaluation

The earliest double dog deposit in the Palaeolithic record: The case of the Azilian level of Grotte‐abri du Moulin (Troubat, France)

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