Dermoscopy of Juvenile Xanthogranuloma

Abstract

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Dermoscopy is useful for the evaluation of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG). The classical “setting sun” pattern is characteristic of JXG, but its sensibility appears to be limited. An extensive description of other dermoscopic findings is not available in the literature. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to valuate and describe the clinical and dermoscopic characteristics of a series of JXG cases. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective descriptive study, including cases with histopathologic diagnosis of JXG, and the availability of clinical and dermoscopic images, assessed for the presence of dermoscopic features based on the available literature. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 17 lesions were analyzed. 70.6% showed global symmetry, 35.3% presented the typical “setting sun” pattern. All lesions showed yellow-orange and/or pink-red structureless color. Other dermoscopic features were yellow globules (35.3%), shiny white streaks (23.5%), brown globules (17.6%), pale-brown network (11.8%), negative network (11.8%), erosion/ulceration (11.8%), rosettes (5.9%), and hemorrhage (5.9%). Scales were seen in 64.7% of patients. Vascular structures were observed in all the lesions, mostly in an irregular distribution (76.5%). The observed vessel types were dotted (52.9%), linear (52.9%), branching-arboriform (29.4%), comma-like (23.5%), hairpin-like (17.6%), globular (17.6%), coiled (11.8%), and milky-red globules (5.9%). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Symmetry, yellow/orange-pink/red color, yellow globules, shiny white streaks, and irregularly distributed different types of vascular structures are the main dermoscopic features of JXG. This is the largest dermoscopic registry of JXG published to date.

Dermatoscopy and clinicopathological correlation of juvenile xanthogranuloma in skin of colour: a series of six patients

“…4 Most common dermatoscopic feature seen in our series was yellow-white/yellowish-brown structureless areas (94%). This is in contrast to the report by Peruilh-Bagolini et al, 2 where the prominent background colour reported was pink-red or yellowish-orange. Three different pigmentary patterns were seen including perilesional, perifollicular and accentuated reticular/ pseudo-reticular network.…”

“…However, unlike the previous studies, prominent basal layer pigmentation was not limited to late stages and was appreciable in early stages also. [1][2][3] Immunochemistry in all of the cases revealed CD68 positivity while CD1a and Langerin (CD207) was negative confirming diagnosis of JXG.…”

NTRK expression is common in xanthogranuloma and is associated with the solitary variant

“…JXG has a classic clinical appearance, presenting as a yellowish papule, often involving the head and neck, torso, or extremities 3 . Dermoscopy can be helpful as lesions classically demonstrate a “setting sun” pattern with additional findings of global symmetry, yellow globules, shiny white streaks, and irregular distribution of vascular structures 4 …”

Dermoscopic Features of Different Forms of Cutaneous Mastocytosis: A Systematic Review

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: , Table S1: Dermoscopic features of the entities that may clinically resemble cutaneous mastocytosis. References [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ] are cited in the supplementary materials.…”